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OCR Biology F215 Control, Genomes and Environment Fri 15 June 2012

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Original post by otrivine
yes but you forgot the key word plasmid its the plasmid which causes the antibiotic resisatance


ahh yes silly me..i hope i dont do this is the exam :frown:
Original post by Fatima0065
Congujagation allows bacteria to exhange DNA whic causes them to spread advantageous alle quicker, and hence become resistant tocertian antibiotics etc :smile:
describe the role of the brain and nervous system in the co-ordination of muscular movement;


role of brain that control the movement and posture is the cerebellum and the role of the cerebellum is to control the posture and movement. The nervous system consitsts of the spinal cord and brain with the neurones such as motor/relay and sensory neurones. so the sensory receptors detects change in movement and sends the nerves from the neurones all the way to the brain to the cerebellum so that the brain has the information and helps the movement of the joint/bones. also there is the peripheral system where the autonomic system has sympahteic and parasymphateic and so parasymphateic is when you are relaxed it releases noradrenaline when it attaches with the ganglion and symohateic acteylcholine. this helps to cause movement of bone and the acetylcholine is then used for the movement of joint which the ca2+ released from the sacroplasmic reticulum depolarization e.t.c
Original post by otrivine
role of brain that control the movement and posture is the cerebellum and the role of the cerebellum is to control the posture and movement. The nervous system consitsts of the spinal cord and brain with the neurones such as motor/relay and sensory neurones. so the sensory receptors detects change in movement and sends the nerves from the neurones all the way to the brain to the cerebellum so that the brain has the information and helps the movement of the joint/bones. also there is the peripheral system where the autonomic system has sympahteic and parasymphateic and so parasymphateic is when you are relaxed it releases noradrenaline when it attaches with the ganglion and symohateic acteylcholine. this helps to cause movement of bone and the acetylcholine is then used for the movement of joint which the ca2+ released from the sacroplasmic reticulum depolarization e.t.c


WOW!..thats really good :biggrin:
Original post by Fatima0065
WOW!..thats really good :biggrin:

lool :wink: :wink: thank you !
ok


Give an example of inter and intra specific competition and explain (4)
explain how mutations can have beneficial, neutral or harmful effects on the way a protein functions. with exampes :smile:
Original post by otrivine
lool :wink: :wink: thank you !
ok


Give an example of inter and intra specific competition and explain (4)


Inetrspecific competition occurs btween the differnet species for exam the crocodiel and lion both compter for the zebra (read this yesterday lol). one species can outcomptete the other due to better adaptation and survival skill. or other variables may be present for example, one poulation may be smaller than the other :smile:
intraspecific competition occurs between the same species for example thee red and grey squireels.?
what are the advanatges and disadvanatge of immbobilising enzymes.
give me each method used to immolise enzymes with a clear definition of how it works! :smile:
Original post by Fatima0065
explain how mutations can have beneficial, neutral or harmful effects on the way a protein functions. with exampes :smile:


mutations can be beneficial as allele may be replaced which is more advantageous a good classic example is for bacterias it is an advantage for them as they can become resistant to antibiotic, or some people are dark skin which when they are exposed to the sun this would lower the risk of skin cancer. Neutral is where an allele that has been replaced is nor an advantage or disadvantage and it is a characterisitc/feature in which most people have for example like tasting food? and a harmful is where the allele replaced is disadvantage for example white skin people when exposed to sun they have a higher risk of skin cancer, some animals or speices may have allele which codes the colour of their hair and will become less camafluged so allows predators to easily see them.
Original post by Fatima0065
Inetrspecific competition occurs btween the differnet species for exam the crocodiel and lion both compter for the zebra (read this yesterday lol). one species can outcomptete the other due to better adaptation and survival skill. or other variables may be present for example, one poulation may be smaller than the other :smile:
intraspecific competition occurs between the same species for example thee red and grey squireels.?


correct well done :smile::smile:
Original post by otrivine
mutations can be beneficial as allele may be replaced which is more advantageous a good classic example is for bacterias it is an advantage for them as they can become resistant to antibiotic, or some people are dark skin which when they are exposed to the sun this would lower the risk of skin cancer. Neutral is where an allele that has been replaced is nor an advantage or disadvantage and it is a characterisitc/feature in which most people have for example like tasting food? and a harmful is where the allele replaced is disadvantage for example white skin people when exposed to sun they have a higher risk of skin cancer, some animals or speices may have allele which codes the colour of their hair and will become less camafluged so allows predators to easily see them.


corect but state what amutation is and you could give, for example huntingtons diease as a disadvantageous mutation.you could also give rolling your tongue as neautral :smile:
Original post by otrivine
role of brain that control the movement and posture is the cerebellum and the role of the cerebellum is to control the posture and movement. The nervous system consitsts of the spinal cord and brain with the neurones such as motor/relay and sensory neurones. so the sensory receptors detects change in movement and sends the nerves from the neurones all the way to the brain to the cerebellum so that the brain has the information and helps the movement of the joint/bones. also there is the peripheral system where the autonomic system has sympahteic and parasymphateic and so parasymphateic is when you are relaxed it releases noradrenaline when it attaches with the ganglion and symohateic acteylcholine. this helps to cause movement of bone and the acetylcholine is then used for the movement of joint which the ca2+ released from the sacroplasmic reticulum depolarization e.t.c


Sympathetic system neurotransmitter is noradrenaline and parasympathetic system neurotransmitter is acetylcholine - you got them mixed up


This was posted from The Student Room's iPhone/iPad App
Original post by hjradley1
Sympathetic system neurotransmitter is noradrenaline and parasympathetic system neurotransmitter is acetylcholine - you got them mixed up


This was posted from The Student Room's iPhone/iPad App


oh i didnt notice that.. :smile:
Original post by Fatima0065
what are the advanatges and disadvanatge of immbobilising enzymes.
give me each method used to immolise enzymes with a clear definition of how it works! :smile:


immobilising enzyme is a technique in which the substrate binds with the enzyme and the products that are formed enter the reaction mixture and the enzyme does not enter the reaction mixture , so the enzymes can be reused and ready to accept another substrate molecule.

advatnages- purifcation costs are low, enzymes can be reused and enzymes are more stable as they are surrounded by the matrix disd- if contamination occurs the process will be stopped , expenisve and difficult to set and maintain , enzymes do not take part in reaction mixtures and therefore they are not reactive .
adsorption(fastest rate),entrapment,membrane separation , covalent bond
Original post by Fatima0065
corect but state what amutation is and you could give, for example huntingtons diease as a disadvantageous mutation.you could also give rolling your tongue as neautral :smile:


true mutation is a change in dna base sequence /nucletide
Original post by hjradley1
Sympathetic system neurotransmitter is noradrenaline and parasympathetic system neurotransmitter is acetylcholine - you got them mixed up


This was posted from The Student Room's iPhone/iPad App


thanks for that i get it :wink:
Original post by otrivine
immobilising enzyme is a technique in which the substrate binds with the enzyme and the products that are formed enter the reaction mixture and the enzyme does not enter the reaction mixture , so the enzymes can be reused and ready to accept another substrate molecule.

advatnages- purifcation costs are low, enzymes can be reused and enzymes are more stable as they are surrounded by the matrix disd- if contamination occurs the process will be stopped , expenisve and difficult to set and maintain , enzymes do not take part in reaction mixtures and therefore they are not reactive .
adsorption(fastest rate),entrapment,membrane separation , covalent bond


yep correct :biggrin: what is non-reproductive cloning ?
Original post by Fatima0065
yep correct :biggrin: what is non-reproductive cloning ?


non reproductive is the process of producing geneticall identical cells so that it can be used for heart transplant so no operation , cells can differentiate to form any types of cells , can treat MS , the bodys own immune system would not reject the cells as they are not forgein
Original post by otrivine
non reproductive is the process of producing geneticall identical cells so that it can be used for heart transplant so no operation , cells can differentiate to form any types of cells , can treat MS , the bodys own immune system would not reject the cells as they are not forgein


yep and it is often refferd to a stherapeutic cloning :smile: ask me one and the im off :smile:
Original post by Fatima0065
yep correct :biggrin: what is non-reproductive cloning ?

ok :wink:

Describe how you would carry out an experiment to find the number of insects present in an habitat (5)
Original post by otrivine
ok :wink:

Describe how you would carry out an experiment to find the number of insects present in an habitat (5)


is this to do with all the belt transect..quadrat stuff if so.i havent leanr it becasue it came up in the jan2012 ppaer..ask me another one pplease :smile:

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