Jan 2012 paper questions:
SZ
01 Discuss issues associated with the classification and/or diagnosis of schizophrenia.
addictive behaviour
09 Outline and evaluate the biological approach to explaining smoking behaviour.
(4 marks + 4 marks)
10 Andy is in his first year at university. He is a shy young man who lacks confidence in himself and worries about meeting new people. Since starting university, Andy has preferred to stay in his room, playing strategy games on the internet with his old school friends. Andy often plays all night which means that he sleeps in and misses his lectures. He is finding his course difficult and fears that he may fail his exams or drop out.
Use your knowledge of risk factors in the development of addiction to explain Andy’s addiction to the internet. (6 marks)
11 Outline and evaluate one psychological intervention aimed at reducing addictive behaviour.
Research methods
Two psychologists investigated the relationship between age and recall of medical advice. Previous research had shown that recall of medical advice tended to be poorer in older patients. The study was conducted at a doctor’s surgery and involved a sample of 30 patients aged between 18 and 78 years. They all saw the same doctor, who made notes of the advice that she gave during the consultation.
One of the psychologists interviewed each of the patients individually, immediately after they had seen the doctor. The psychologist asked each patient a set of questions about what the doctor had said about their diagnosis and treatment. The patients’ responses were recorded and then typed out. Working independently the psychologists compared each typed account with the doctor’s written notes in order to rate the accuracy of the accounts on a scale of 1–10. A high rating indicated that the patient’s recall was very accurate and a low rating indicated that the patient’s recall was very inaccurate.
The psychologists decided to propose a directional hypothesis. Why was a directional hypothesis appropriate in this case? (1 mark)
Write a suitable directional hypothesis for this investigation. (3 marks) The psychologists were careful to consider the issue of reliability during the study.
What is meant by reliability? (1 mark) Explain how the psychologists might have assessed the reliability of their ratings.
(3 marks)
This study collected both qualitative and quantitative data. From the description of the study above, identify the qualitative data and the quantitative data. (2 marks)
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9
2
0
G/T78946/Jan12/PSYA4
7
The psychologists used Spearman’s rho to analyse the data from their investigation. They chose to use the 0.05 level of significance. The result gave a correlation coefficient of −0.52.
Give two reasons why the psychologists used Spearman’s rho to analyse the data.
(2 marks)
Using Table 1 below, state whether the result is significant or not significant and explain why. (2 marks)
Table 1: Extract from a table of critical values of Spearman’s rho (rs)
2
1
2
2
Level of significance for a one-tailed test

0.05
0.01

Level of significance for a two-tailed test

0.10
0.02
N=29
0.312
0.433
30
0.306
0.425
31
0.301
0.418
Calculated rs must equal or exceed the table (critical) value for significance at the level shown.
Explain what is meant by a Type 1 error. (2 marks) Use the information in Table 1 above to explain why the psychologists did not think that
they had made a Type 1 error in this case.
Hope this helps