London forces (also known as instantaneous dipole-induced dipole) exist between all molecules. For example alkanes just have London forces.
Permanent dipole-permanent dipole forces exist between polar molecules only, for example HCl is polar so will have both London forces and permanent dipole-permanent dipole forces.
I read somewhere that you should be careful using the term van der Waals' forces because that can actually encompass London forces and permanent dipole-permanent dipole forces.
As for ammonia, it is a polar molecule that can form hydrogen bonds so surely it must have all three kinds of force?
Thanks.
I always use london forces anyway, i just put vdw in case anyone didn't know london
i would have thought that too- because the nitrogen is electronegative, but i'm thinking, perhaps the hydrogen bond overshadows the permanenent dipole dipole.
resources.....mine is great,actually......specially published for AS students ,for the new specification.....
ok.....lets get started... why water is a liquid at rtp whereas hydrogen sulphide is a gas at rtp??
water has hydrogen bonding which is a very strong intermolecular force. hydrogen sulfide has van der waals forces and the bonds between them is very weak thus it is a gas.
My question to you what reactants do you require for oxidation of primary & secondary alcohols? Also mention the products formed & the colour change(if any)
My question to you what reactants do you require for oxidation of primary & secondary alcohols? Also mention the products formed & the colour change(if any)
dilute H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7 at heat under reflux...colour change is orange t green..
ummm....whch products r formed btw??
my question is...which of the two chlorides, NaCl or MgCl2 is more covalent???
dilute H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7 at heat under reflux...colour change is orange t green..
ummm....whch products r formed btw??
my question is...which of the two chlorides, NaCl or MgCl2 is more covalent???
Mg, because it has a higher charge density than Na, so Mg will polarise/distort the chlorine atom more readily, so electron cloud is shared more, hence more covalency.
Mg, because it has a higher charge density than Na, so Mg will polarise/distort the chlorine atom more readily, so electron cloud is shared more, hence more covalency.
yeh thts correct.....whrs my questn then?? also i culdnt fully ans my other questn from aqua......do u knw??
I'm using the Edexcel AS Students Book and the CGP Revision Guide to study.
Have a go at these:
1. Write an equation for the preparation of 1-iodopropane from propan-1-ol and PI3. 2. State the colour of iodine in (a) water (b) hydrocarbon solvent.
I'm using the Edexcel AS Students Book and the CGP Revision Guide to study.
Have a go at these:
1. Write an equation for the preparation of 1-iodopropane from propan-1-ol and PI3. 2. State the colour of iodine in (a) water (b) hydrocarbon solvent.
1) CH3CH2CH2OH+ PI3 --> CH3CH2CH2I + H3P03 2) iodine in water; brown iodine in hydrocarbon solvent; purple
i need helppp!!!! I was going through the experiment on alcohols reacting with sodium.. & it says when excess ethanol evaporates it forms sodium ethoxide which is a white solid. & can anyone explain to me what happens when water is added to the white solid ??? It says ethoxide ion acts as a base & removes proton from the water, forming alkaline solution ?? Can anyone give me the equation for this reaction(equation between sodium ethoxide & water..not ionic please) ??