Good night sleep. forget that type of revision. Odds are if you don't know it now, you wont have time to process the information and keep it in the long term memory for tomorrow.. Plus its a 9.15 exam, so you need to be awake for it.
Good night sleep. forget that type of revision. Odds are if you don't know it now, you wont have time to process the information and keep it in the long term memory for tomorrow.. Plus its a 9.15 exam, so you need to be awake for it.
Can anyone confirm my knowledge of respiratory acidosis? Is it the high concentration of CO2 in the blood lowering the pH of the blood (CO2+H20 --> H2CO3 <==> H+ HCO3-) Detected by chemoreceptors in the cardiovascular center of the brain in the Medulla Oblongata. Medulla oblongata sends an action potential down to the heart via the accelerator (sympathetic) nerve which raises the heart rate, to try eliminate the CO2. Can result in even more CO2 accumulating hence more carbonic acid, which stops the heart functioning (heart attack).
i dont think the chemoreceptors are in the medulla oblongata, think they're in the carotid arteries
Cyanide - blocks 3rd electron carrier in electron transport chain, thus stopping 1st and 2nd carriers from being oxidised again. This means electrochemical gradient can't build up and hey presto no ATP is produced when this is tested on isolated thylakoids.
Dinitrophenol - acts as a hydrogen/proton carrier when introduced to isolated thylakoids it carriers protons back across the membrane meaning no electrochemical gradient can build up, and you guessed it no ATP is produced.
Or....
Isolate thylakoids, place them in a ph4 buffer, so electrochemical gradient is lost.
Place in new ph4 buffer with ADP+Pi and no ATP is made.
Place in new ph8 buffer with ADP+Pi and the electrochemical gradient is restored and ATP is made.
Cyanide - blocks 3rd electron carrier in electron transport chain, thus stopping 1st and 2nd carriers from being oxidised again. This means electrochemical gradient can't build up and hey presto no ATP is produced when this is tested on isolated thylakoids.
Dinitrophenol - acts as a hydrogen/proton carrier when introduced to isolated thylakoids it carriers protons back across the membrane meaning no electrochemical gradient can build up, and you guessed it no ATP is produced.
Or....
Isolate thylakoids, place them in a ph4 buffer, so electrochemical gradient is lost.
Place in new ph4 buffer with ADP+Pi and no ATP is made.
Place in new ph8 buffer with ADP+Pi and the electrochemical gradient is restored and ATP is made.
All we need to know is that Red. FAD donates its protons to oxygen, as oxygen reacts with protons and electrons to form water, and that Red. FAD donates its electrons to the electrons carriers.