AQA GCSE BIOLOGY UNIT 1 Question Game!

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Lichens are used to detect air pollution. The higher the number of lichens in an area, the less air pollution there is. In contrast to that, the lower the level of lichens in an area, the more polluted the area is. An example of an area with high numbers of lichens is a countryside (far away from a city). An example of an area with low numbers of lichens is a city.

Describe what occurs when you step on a pin. (6 marks)

The receptors in the skin detect the stimulus (Sharp pin on foot) and send an electrical impulse through the sensory neuron to the motor neuron via two synapses where electrical impulses are changed into chemicals that diffuse through the gap and back into an electrical impulse. They then are sent to the the feet muscles that contact and lift the foot upwards.

Reply 41

IAmAnTroll

Original post by Ajad

describe a modern cloning technique? (6 marks)

Adult cell cloning - Firstly the nucleus of an unfertilised egg cell is removed and the nucleus from a body cell of another organism whose nucleus has been removed.
The new cell is given an electric shock which causes the egg cell to divice and form an embryo. The embryo is genetically identical to the body cell. Once the embryo has developed into a ball of cells it is placed into the embryo of a host mother

Reply 42

IAmAnTroll

Q: Compare Darwin's theory of "Natural Selection" with Lamarck's theory of "the inheritance of acquired characteristics" (6 marks)

Reply 43

AmirahxRashid

Original post by IsaacVB

Name hormones of the menstrual cycle and what they do (4 marks)

FSH- made in the pituitary gland and matures the eggs in ovaries and stimulates ovaries to make oestrogen
LH- made in the pituitary gland, releases mature eggs and highest round about day 14 of menstrual cycle
Oestrogen- builds up the lining of the womb, ready for the egg to be fertilised, it also inhibits FSH production and causes the production of LH, it is also in the contraceptive pill along with progesterone

What is Darwins theory of natural selection??

Reply 44

dhruvap

Original post by Ajad

any

Adult cell cloning involves using the skin cell from an organism and egg cells from a female organism. The egg cells nucleus is removed and is replaced with the nucleus of the skin cell via an electric shock. This stimulates the fertilized zygote to divide and produce an embryo which is implanted into a surrogate mother,

Reply 45

dhruvap

Original post by AmirahxRashid

Darwin stated that organism evolve by natural selection. Organism with better inherited features survive and mate, they pass on the genes to the next generation which produced organism that are better adapted to climates and habitats.

Reply 46

IsaacVB

Original post by AmirahxRashid

He believed only the best adapted species in an environment survived and the least adapted died. These better adapted species then pass on their genes to their offspring which leads to evolution of the species

Reply 47

amjam441

Original post by AmirahxRashid

There si variation in the population due to mutations in the genes of individuals. Some of these mutations cause individuals to have certain characteristics that makes them better suited to the environment. These individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce and pass on their beneficial characteristics. Over many years, most of the species will have this characteristic that helped them survive.

Reply 48

dhruvap

Why do organism of same species have variation? Refer to environmental and genetic variation.

Reply 49

AmirahxRashid

Original post by dhruvap

Why do organism of same species have variation? Refer to environmental and genetic variation.

I honestly don't knw
what is it???

Reply 50

IAmAnTroll

Original post by AmirahxRashid

I honestly don't knw
what is it???

Genetic - chromosomes from both parents are passed onto the offspring which shows variation in the offspring
environmental - things like amount of food, exercise, amount of sunlight (changing hair/ eye colour)

Reply 51

Elleee1234

Original post by IsaacVB

Name hormones of the menstrual cycle and what they do (4 marks)

FSH - matures the egg simulates LH and is produced in the pituary gland

ostergroen is produced in the ovaries and thickens the lining of the womb in also inhibits fsh
LH releases the egg and is produced in the pituary gland

Reply 52

AmirahxRashid

Original post by IAmAnTroll

Thank you
Question, How is insulin genetically engineered??

Reply 53

dhruvap

Original post by AmirahxRashid

I honestly don't knw
what is it???

All organism have similar features that are inherited by their parents, they are inherited during the fusion of sex cells to produce a slightly varied organism from parents. (Genetic variation) For example a child may have the same colour of eyes as father but may inherit disorders from the mother with dominant genes.

Characteristics can also be influenced by the environment, for example in plants having low sunlight can make the plant's leaves turn yellow. In humans factors such as body mass and height can also be a result of environmental influences.

Reply 54

dhruvap

Original post by AmirahxRashid

Thank you
Question, How is insulin genetically engineered??

An organism is given the insulin production gene via genetic engineering, it is done using an enzyme and allows the organism to produce insulin which can be later collected.

Reply 55

Fractite

Describe how hormones can be used to increase fertility (4).

Reply 56

dhruvap

Original post by Fractite

Describe how hormones can be used to increase fertility (4).

The main hormones used to increase fertility are FSH and Lh, they are inserted into the women to stimulate the release of and egg after maturing it (Function of FSH and LH). (Can't think of any other points... would this be a four marker?)

Reply 57

IAmAnTroll

Original post by Fractite

Describe how hormones can be used to increase fertility (4).

FSH is given to mature the egg
LH is given to release the egg

Q: Discuss the issues surrounding contraceptive pills (advs + disadvs) 5 marks

Reply 58

IAmAnTroll

Original post by dhruvap

I think it'd be a 2 marks, but if they were super generous four.
They could give 2 marks for mentioning fsh + lh
and 2 marks for describing what they do e.e

Reply 59

dhruvap

Original post by IAmAnTroll

FSH is given to mature the egg
LH is given to release the egg

Q: Discuss the issues surrounding contraceptive pills (advs + disadvs) 5 marks

Advantages:
-Reduce unwanted pregnancy
-Reduced risk of getting Cancer (not sure think i read it somewhere)
-It is also very effective at being successful

Disadvantages:
-Opposed by religions
-Not 100% effective (Slim chance)
-There are possible side affects
-Misconception that it protects against STDs