2016 AQA GCSE Chemistry Unofficial mark scheme 2016

It was 8 on the inner and 1 on the outer shell, had to explain what was wrong

It was 2 or 3 marks I think, I put it wasn't in the 2,8,8 form and that the structure of neon was 2,8, and the diagram only had 9 electrons not 10.

Last question melting point is increased rather than boiling point and the one before it is heated at 79 and then condensed no need to evapourate water

1 mark? or 2?

I think I said only 2 electrons can be on the inner shell. If that's all I put, I doubt I'm getting marks for that.

For the question on why is iron made into steel i said that cast iron is brittle so it breaks easily and pure iron is soft so it doesn't have many uses, then I said so they are allowed to make them harder and have more uses, would i lose marks for saying pure iron💔


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Question 2c could also be:
Add insulation to the beaker so less heat is lost meaning the final temperature of the water is more accurate.

do you think 'put a lid on the beaker to stop heat from escaping' would be accepted?

For Q2 was the answer not just copper?

do you think 'put a lid on the beaker to stop heat from escaping' would be accepted?

Question 1
Electron shell: 2,3( 1 mark)
nucleus( 1 mark)
( +1), electrons( -1), neutron is uncharged( 3 marks)- not sure if it was in the nucleus or just the atom overall

Not in form 2,8,8, has 1,8Boron has 10 electrons, the structure had 9 electrons( 3 marks)

Question 2
Tick box: copper oxide(1)

20.3(2 marks)

Digital thermometer, more precise and not subject to human error
Beaker insulated(2)

Carbon particles produced( particulates)Insufficient oxygen or incomplete combustion(2)

Best fuel because it produces least smoke/ burns the most cleanly. Produces the most energy per g(2)

Question 3
Advantages of hydrogen;
Only product water
Renewable
Provides more energy
No co2 or s02 released

Disadvantages:
Hydrogen is explosive
Hard to store because it is a gas
From natural gas( methane which is a greenhouse gas)
Engines need to be converted( 6 marks)

Thermal decomposition(1)

Question on potassium carbonate: doesn't fully thermally decompose, co2 not released, Bunsen burner temperature is not high enough( 3 marks)

Reactivity question: the lower the metal on the reactivity series, the easier it is broken down(2)

Question 4:
Conditions for cracking: high temperatures and a hot catalyst(2)

Fermentation question: sugar is dissolved and yeast is added to make ethanol(2)


Ethanol question: ethene is reacted with steam at high temperatures and catalyst(2)

Advantages and disadvantages of crude oil vs plants: Crude oil is a continuous process so faster, crude oil is more widely available, crude oil more reliable and things are set up for crude oil fractions

Non renewable, co2( global warming), SO2

(4 marks)

Question 5
metal ores are ores which contain enough of the metal to be worthwhile extracting( 1 mark)

It is converted to steel because cast iron is brittle or to make it stronger
Steel has more uses
Corrosion resistant
( 2 marks)

2Fe2O3+ 3C = 4Fe+ 3CO2( 2 marks)

It is not sent to landfill because this takes up space and causes pollution
It is not reused as it might have lost its strength and become unstable. Saves energy being used. Conserves raw materials
3 marks)

Question on distillation: Heat mixture between 80-99 degrees, the ethanol evaporates, cools and condenses to form pure ethanol and then raise temperature to 100 when all ethanol has evaporated to do the same to water( 3 marks).

Question on carbon neutral: carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas
This takes up CO2 when it grows in photosynthesis
The same amount is released when biofuel or oils are burned
So no overall increase in CO2
Continuous Carbon Cycle(3)

Last question on hydrogenation; 60 degrees, reacted with hydrogen, nickel catalyst, double bonds converted into single bonds, increasing boiling point, done so that's it's a solid at room temperature for a thick, spreadable consistency (5)

Mark somewhere for completing drawing of the alkane(1)

Bromine goes colourless somewhere(1)

Took me a while to make so any rep would be much appreciated