for the reaction with hcl and hclo formed from chlorine and water did i need to use double arrows to show that the reaction was reversible?
and also in regard to the why one would easily be distilled and the other wouldn't it was an aldehyde and a carboxyllic acid i think i mentioned vanderwaals instead of dipole dipole. so vanderwaals between one and hydrogen bonding between the other ....does anyone think my answer would be accepted
lastly for the last question disadvantages of fermentation i wrote co2 is produced, i forgot that this was in fact carbon neutral will i get 0 marks here?
advantages -- glucose is highly abundant - ethene must be manufactured first -- cant remember
disadvantages - low yield ---- co2 produced greenhouse gas
Disadvantages would be: A slower reaction, a lower yield and a less pure yield so further processing needed
Advantages would be: Cheaper (as cheaper equipment, reactants and lower energy requirements), renewable and carbon neutral
Aldehydes would have dipole-dipole, not vdW, so you wouldn't get a mark for saying that, but you would probably get one for saying that there is hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acids so stronger intermolecular forces
But aldehydes have an O double bonded to a C, that O surely has two lone pairs it can use to hydrogen bond with?
That is correct, however the hydrogen on the aldehyde is bonded to carbon, which isn't electronegative - which means it will not have a dipole. Hydrogen bonding occurs between the very polar N-H, F-H, H-O bonds, everything else is just dipole-dipole.
Disadvantages would be: A slower reaction, a lower yield and a less pure yield so further processing needed
Advantages would be: Cheaper (as cheaper equipment, reactants and lower energy requirements), renewable and carbon neutral
Aldehydes would have dipole-dipole, not vdW, so you wouldn't get a mark for saying that, but you would probably get one for saying that there is hydrogen bonding between carboxylic acids so stronger intermolecular forces
thanks, I think i wrote cheaper and so i probably got two marks combined, my mind went blank on this question as i had very litlle time left, really annoying that i knew the correct answers but couldn't think at the time.
yeah we got it wrong, it was white flame and white ppt We probs got 1 mark for white ppt
I also put that.. I went blank... A similar question was in unit 5 last year or the year before and it said ignore effervescence...i know it's unit 5 but it's the same concept...so we probably got 1 mark
I also put that.. I went blank... A similar question was in unit 5 last year or the year before and it said ignore effervescence...i know it's unit 5 but it's the same concept...so we probably got 1 mark
1 mark for the white ppt, but can't believe this, found it so nice and then these silly mistakes just accumulated! Grade boundaries will be sky high too.