For control of heart rate do we need to know about bundle of his etc.? i cant find it in my textbook or revision guide.
"Outline the hormonal and the nervous mechanisms involved in the control of heart rate in humans" Copied from the specification, it doesn't mentioned anything about the processes that happen in the heart, so I don't think you do. However you may want to know what happens just in case you get a synoptic question. But basically knowing the SA node is the pacemaker, it gets stimulated by the cardiac control centre in the medulla, which sends action potential through the accelerator nerve to increase the frequency of contractions or through the vagus nerve to decrease. Stretch receptors detect movement, require more o2 so accelerator nerve stimulates SA node = Increase HR Low PH due to increase in CO2 = Increase HR High blood pressure, vagus nerver = Decrease HR
What did everyone think? I found it quite easy apart from a few questions being the goldfish one, the 5 marker because it has AS knowledge that I couldn't remember and I didn't understand the shading one about insulin and glucose
What did everyone think? I found it quite easy apart from a few questions being the goldfish one, the 5 marker because it has AS knowledge that I couldn't remember and I didn't understand the shading one about insulin and glucose
Same. It was an okay-ish paper. The DNA question threw me off a bit though.
Does anyone have a list of predictions for F215/ a prediction paper? Thanks!
All I have seen for the predictions is this: Cellular control: - Mutations (advantageous/non advantageous) - Body plans (most likely a long, application question) - Translation/transcription - Epistasis - Hardy-Weinberg calculation (my teacher said this had a very strong chance of coming up) Biotechnology: - Cloning animals (embryo splitting/nuclear transfer) - Asepsis - PCR - Gene therapy - Use of bacteria in biotechnology Ecosystems: - Improving productivity - Succession (application) - Nitrogen cycle (detailed) - Conservation and the Galapagos Response: - Apical dominance -Sympathetic/parasympathetic pathways - Muscles (almost certain) & sliding filament model - Dopamine and its effects
the most i've seen on it so far is: define a homeobox gene, define a homeobox sequence, how would a mutation in the homeobox genes affect an organism
the textbook barely even covers homeobox, and the section that does just bangs on about drosophila... not really helpful
yeah, all i know is what a homeobox gene does and what the homeodomain is. That's all that's in my revision guide and cgp books. in jan 2010 they had an 8 mark question on it but it was combined with protein synthesis and you could get all the marks from just writing about that and saying the word homeobox idek
Not sure if this was directed at me, but I thought I'd share my list anyway! It's mainly just a guess from what came up last year and the year before that (and I happened to guess fairly accurately for the F212 exam on Tuesday so hopefully my luck will continue haha). I've split the list into two sections, one being topics/questions that came up last year and therefore might be unlikely come up again, and topics that didn't come up so may be in this years paper. Ideally you should revise everything, but with only about a week to the exam, you kind of have to prioritise topics (or at least I do anyway):
F214 - Topics that came up in 2015: Structure and how adaptations relate to functionality of chloroplasts Limiting factors of photosynthesis Adrenaline Insulin secretion Where reactions happen within the mitochondria Anaerobic vs Aerobic respiration Dialysis Motor Neurone structure vs Sensory Neurone structure Homeostasis
F214 - What could come up this year: Action potentials and depolarisation Synapses Ornithine cycle Osmoregulation General kidney function 1st/2nd messengers Control of heart rate Structure of liver lobules Oxidative phosphorylation and respiration in general (as wasn't in last years exam) Diabetes - causes of, treatments etc The pancreas - glucose regulation with insulin and glucagon etc.
Those are just what I'll personally be cramming before the exam, but OCR seem to like catching people out with unlikely questions on topics... so best to cover everything the best you can!
Sorry this is a bit last minute. Last years paper was... weird to say the least - lots of really odd stuff in there. Hopefully this years will be a little more 'on spec', especially after F214!
What came up in 2015: Causes of genetic variationPredator/prey relations Factors affecting population size PCR Mutations Speciation Chi Squared Trophic levels and efficiency Behaviour(innate vs learned) Natural cloning Polyploidy Plant/Human responses to light Effects of smoking (???) The brain
What could come up this year: Body plans Apoptosis Translation/transcription(long question likely, as didn’t come up last year or in F212 paper) Epistasis Hardy-Weinberg Artificial Cloning Plants/Animals Growth Curve– Primary/Secondary metabolites Industrial Enzymes/Immobilisation Improving productivity Sequencing Genomes Genetic Engineering (Golden Rice/Insulin) Succession Nitrogen cycle/Use of decomposers Conservation and the Galapagos Plant hormones (Giberillins/Ethene) Learned Behaviour Sympathetic/parasympathetic pathways Muscles &sliding filament model (very likely) Dopamine Receptors(application question likely?)
Sorry this is a bit last minute. Last years paper was... weird to say the least - lots of really odd stuff in there. Hopefully this years will be a little more 'on spec', especially after F214!
What came up in 2015: Causes of genetic variationPredator/prey relations Factors affecting population size PCR Mutations Speciation Chi Squared Trophic levels and efficiency Behaviour(innate vs learned) Natural cloning Polyploidy Plant/Human responses to light Effects of smoking (???) The brain
What could come up this year: Body plans Apoptosis Translation/transcription(long question likely, as didn’t come up last year or in F212 paper) Epistasis Hardy-Weinberg Artificial Cloning Plants/Animals Growth Curve– Primary/Secondary metabolites Industrial Enzymes/Immobilisation Improving productivity Sequencing Genomes Genetic Engineering (Golden Rice/Insulin) Succession Nitrogen cycle/Use of decomposers Conservation and the Galapagos Plant hormones (Giberillins/Ethene) Learned Behaviour Sympathetic/parasympathetic pathways Muscles &sliding filament model (very likely) Dopamine Receptors(application question likely?)
Would it be bad to just focus on the stuff in the list as I've had so many exams in the last week and have another exam on the same day as F215 and I'm having to cram for this
Sorry this is a bit last minute. Last years paper was... weird to say the least - lots of really odd stuff in there. Hopefully this years will be a little more 'on spec', especially after F214!
What came up in 2015: Causes of genetic variationPredator/prey relations Factors affecting population size PCR Mutations Speciation Chi Squared Trophic levels and efficiency Behaviour(innate vs learned) Natural cloning Polyploidy Plant/Human responses to light Effects of smoking (???) The brain
What could come up this year: Body plans Apoptosis Translation/transcription(long question likely, as didn’t come up last year or in F212 paper) Epistasis Hardy-Weinberg Artificial Cloning Plants/Animals Growth Curve– Primary/Secondary metabolites Industrial Enzymes/Immobilisation Improving productivity Sequencing Genomes Genetic Engineering (Golden Rice/Insulin) Succession Nitrogen cycle/Use of decomposers Conservation and the Galapagos Plant hormones (Giberillins/Ethene) Learned Behaviour Sympathetic/parasympathetic pathways Muscles &sliding filament model (very likely) Dopamine Receptors(application question likely?)
The synoptic part of f214 threw me as I couldn't remember the structure of a nucleotide .. Does anyone have any ideas on what they could include in f215??