I understand where you're coming from - and I certainly don't mean to belittle nurses or teachers, who do an incredibly important and valuable job - but it does ultimately come down to how many people are capable of doing the job.
I mean, let's say we hypothetically increase the amount nurses are paid so that their starting salary is £60,000 per annum, with 30 days of leave. Suddenly, you'll see an influx of people training to be nurses, cause suddenly it's an incredibly well paid job with great perks. Of course, then you've got loads and loads of qualified nurses, more than you actually need. With the abundance of supply, employers start dropping wages or reducing perks in other areas of the contract, because with so many qualified nurses they'll still be able to find someone to fill the position. And sooner or later you reach an equilibrium where the contract is sufficiently sweet that we've got enough nurses training to meet demand, but not more. You'd find this equilibria would be more or less back where we started.
I actually agree with you about teachers, although I think the problem is the other way around. The issue with teaching in Britain is that it's too easy to get into. The overwhelming majority of those who teach a given subject are those who didn't do well enough at uni to go into a career actually using that subject, cause if you're teaching out of a passion for the academic side of the subject then lets be honest, you'd be a university lecturer. There's a reason for the old adage 'Those who can, do. Those who can't, teach. (And those who can't teach, teach PE
)'. What this means is your teachers are almost always not especially competent at their subject.
They should indeed increase teachers pay to attract better applicants, but it should be coupled with significantly toughening the requirements for teaching. They also have far too much job security imo, which serves only to keep the **** teachers teaching.