Does anyone have a list or know the pro's and con's of artifical vs natural fertiliser? In the mock I wrote it was cheaper or something along those lines but it wasn't allowed, and I can't seem to find a good list in the textbook or via google.
Thanks Just find it ridiculous, I get around 50%-60% in the tests and dont know whether I should be pleased or appalled!
There's plenty of time to improve Also I reckon the reason the boundaries are so low is because the exam must be pretty hard and the average across the country must be low. So it's essentially hard to get even 50%. Don't be so hard on yourself
Does anyone have a list or know the pro's and con's of artifical vs natural fertiliser? In the mock I wrote it was cheaper or something along those lines but it wasn't allowed, and I can't seem to find a good list in the textbook or via google.
Artificial: Contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium always - doesn't contain all the nutrients - however with these fertilisers you know the chemical content. Easy to transport, easy to store, easy to apply. Nutrients released more easily - these fertilisers are more soluble Energy required to make them. Because its more soluble, it can cause leaching, therefore eutrophication. Can be washed away easily - so more is needed - issues with cost
Organic/ natural - less energy required to make them - as it's manure etc - contains a range of nutrients - not just n, p and k. However too much of a particular nutrient can cause the crop to die Insoluble - slow release of nutrients Increases organic content of soil
I know it's loads but these are from my notes which i gathered off previous markschemes , old specs, etc
Does anyone have a list or know the pro's and con's of artifical vs natural fertiliser? In the mock I wrote it was cheaper or something along those lines but it wasn't allowed, and I can't seem to find a good list in the textbook or via google.
I would put that artificial ones are less smelly, take less time to release the nutrients. etc etc
Artificial: Contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium always - doesn't contain all the nutrients - however with these fertilisers you know the chemical content. Easy to transport, easy to store, easy to apply. Nutrients released more easily - these fertilisers are more soluble Energy required to make them. Because its more soluble, it can cause leaching, therefore eutrophication. Can be washed away easily - so more is needed - issues with cost
Organic/ natural - less energy required to make them - as it's manure etc - contains a range of nutrients - not just n, p and k. However too much of a particular nutrient can cause the crop to die Insoluble - slow release of nutrients Increases organic content of soil
I know it's loads but these are from my notes which i gathered off previous markschemes , old specs, etc
Hope it helps
Fantastic, thanks a lot. We seem to have raced through this unit and missed out a lot of the smaller details.
Okay I'm officially worried about what this exam is going to throw at us...
Well I'm sure 7/8 questions will be totally unrelated to what we have learnt =/ The last question on the paper is usually the one that actually tests your knowledge.
Well I'm sure 7/8 questions will be totally unrelated to what we have learnt =/ The last question on the paper is usually the one that actually tests your knowledge.
It's mainly HSW so not much you can actually revise for that, but I think going through past papers and becoming aware of what types of experiments/questions they usually draw upon would be useful. The last ones are the longer ones, I think these shouldn't be too bad because there is only a handful of topics that you can actually spin out for that many marks and so if you're confident with those topics it shouldn't be too much of a problem..
Is ADP 'used' in the electron transport chain? I did a question we got given and it was one of those respiration experiments about isolating a mitochondria. It basically said the levels of O2 dropped once ADP was added. A mark was for saying ADP is used in the electron transport chain. I can't figure how its used in the chain itself? The only time it comes in is where energy is released from the stalked particles. Anyone?
When electrons are passed down the electron carriers, energy is lost at each stage; this energy is used to combine ADP and Pi to form ATP. Also the chemiosmosis thing (ATP synthase )
Is ADP 'used' in the electron transport chain? I did a question we got given and it was one of those respiration experiments about isolating a mitochondria. It basically said the levels of O2 dropped once ADP was added. A mark was for saying ADP is used in the electron transport chain. I can't figure how its used in the chain itself? The only time it comes in is where energy is released from the stalked particles. Anyone?
All I can think of is ADP being combined with the inorganic phosphate to produce ATP. This happens as a result of the hydrogen ions diffusing back in to the matrix through ATPase which provides energy for the synthesis of ATP. I guess from there you say, only then can the oxygen combine with those protons (and electrons) to produce water, therefore being used up.
True, see this is what confuses me. The energy released from the carriers is used to pump hydrogen across by active transport right? or just released as heat of course. It's not used to produce ATP is it? The only time I thought that ATP was produced is after the protons diffuse back (chemiosmosis).
And going back to the exam question, shall I just ignore it? ADP isnt used in the electron transport chain really? I stupidly thought it might carry the electrons down it but that just happens in redox reactions.
The pumping and subsequent diffusion of H+ ions is all sort of part of the ETC. The energy released as the electrons pass down the chain is not directly used to combine ADP + Pi but ADP is still used up as a result of this because the energy is used to move H+ ions which then move back again, causing ATP synthase to combine ADP + Pi.
For the purposes of the question, I would consider the whole process, including H+ pumping and diffusion, to be part of the ETC.
The pumping and subsequent diffusion of H+ ions is all sort of part of the ETC. The energy released as the electrons pass down the chain is not directly used to combine ADP + Pi but ADP is still used up as a result of this because the energy is used to move H+ ions which then move back again, causing ATP synthase to combine ADP + Pi.
For the purposes of the question, I would consider the whole process, including H+ pumping and diffusion, to be part of the ETC.
This seems correct How are you revising for this? I've pretty much done but still not confident at all Stupid HSW
True, see this is what confuses me. The energy released from the carriers is used to pump hydrogen across by active transport right? or just released as heat of course. It's not used to produce ATP is it? The only time I thought that ATP was produced is after the protons diffuse back (chemiosmosis).
And going back to the exam question, shall I just ignore it? ADP isnt used in the electron transport chain really? I stupidly thought it might carry the electrons down it but that just happens in redox reactions.
I can see what's confusing you because ADP doesn't directly drive the electron transport chain. But ATP is also produced, like someone has already said above, when electrons release energy as they're passed along the chain.
The pumping and subsequent diffusion of H+ ions is all sort of part of the ETC. The energy released as the electrons pass down the chain is not directly used to combine ADP + Pi but ADP is still used up as a result of this because the energy is used to move H+ ions which then move back again, causing ATP synthase to combine ADP + Pi.
For the purposes of the question, I would consider the whole process, including H+ pumping and diffusion, to be part of the ETC.
In my textbook it says that ATP synthesis is also a direct result of the energy released from electrons being passed down the chain. It's like two different things (the pumping of hydrogen ions producing ATP and the energy from electrons producing ATP) happening at the same time