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Aqa sociology unit 4 crime & deviance- january 27th 2012 !!!!!!!

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does anyone here have a clue what postmodernism is...? i've never been taught it..
Reply 141
Original post by 3ka_xo
no, it's irrelevant. even if you backed your opinion with an author like "i believe gender differences in crime rate is because of different socialisation, which is backed up by the sex role theory by Sutherland" it is just wasting time. and then you would kind of have to argue your own point which is not the aim of the essay and will interfere with your conclusion.


alright thanks alot :biggrin:
do you have any predictions as to what might come up
Reply 142
Original post by pearls
alright thanks alot :biggrin:
do you have any predictions as to what might come up


no not really :frown: my teacher said for the crime questions, on the revised syllabus 3 years ago they included globalisation, green crime and state crime. the former have both come up already so maybe state crime will come up this time. also to make sure you know realist criminology - new left and new right.

for methods in context he said the last three questions were observations, interviews and then questionnaires. so this time it may be statistics or experiments.

and theory he said maybe postmodernism or social policy.

but to be honest, it's best just to know every topic thoroughly than playing the guessing game! my teacher said last year for education that experiments has never come up and he doesn't think it was likely to come up, so many people didn't revise that. and, of course, the question was on experiments. he got a lot of stick after the exam :tongue:
Reply 143
Original post by 3ka_xo
no not really :frown: my teacher said for the crime questions, on the revised syllabus 3 years ago they included globalisation, green crime and state crime. the former have both come up already so maybe state crime will come up this time. also to make sure you know realist criminology - new left and new right.

for methods in context he said the last three questions were observations, interviews and then questionnaires. so this time it may be statistics or experiments.

and theory he said maybe postmodernism or social policy.

but to be honest, it's best just to know every topic thoroughly than playing the guessing game! my teacher said last year for education that experiments has never come up and he doesn't think it was likely to come up, so many people didn't revise that. and, of course, the question was on experiments. he got a lot of stick after the exam :tongue:


Yeah that's so true
Plus everyone has their own individual predictions
Although hopefully I dont think they'll repeat from like last years papers
Let's just all pray it's a good paper for us all :smile:
Original post by Just Josh
does anyone here have a clue what postmodernism is...? i've never been taught it..


Nothings structured, theres not one route.
Reply 145
Original post by Just Josh
does anyone here have a clue what postmodernism is...? i've never been taught it..


are you sure you haven't been taught it? it's a real important topic for a2, i can't imagine any teacher leaving it out! if you have a textbook look through that. if not here's some authors..

LYOTARD - talks about the collapse of the meta-narrative (big stories)
meta-narratives of the 20th century are things such as science, religion, technology etc. people have lost faith in these narratives and have turned away from these "big truths" as a source of meaning (eg. 2 world wars - science=destruction). the collapse of the meta-narratives has led to a fundamental shift away from the ideas that form modernist society. the result is a post-modern society.

post modern society has some key features:
- FLUIDITY - breakdown of certainties = fluidity in culture. eg. religion used to be fixed, now people choose their religion depending on what's happening in their life at any given time. identities are also fluid - eg. sexuality is no longer fixed

- HYBRIDITY - breakdown of truths => pick and mix culture. elements of different meta-narratives are combined by individuals to create their own identities

- RELATIVITY OF KNOWLEDGE - having rejected the big truths, people are confronted with a range of explanations of the world. no single "truth" has special status, they are all judged on their usefulness.

- FRAGMENTATION - breakdown of old certainties mean characteristics such as gender, class and ethnicity are blurred. it's no longer possible to describe identity in terms of these meta narratives.

BAUDRILLARD - people build identities out of the products they consume
eg. mobile phones are associated with certain lifestyles and personalities which people "buy into"

BAUDRILLARD - hyper-reality
we are no longer able to differentiate between what's real and what's fiction. at one stage the media was a reflection of basic reality but now it is nothing like reality.
our understanding of society consists of simulations (images) given to us by the media. TV has merged into real life and real life has merged into TV.
eg. we write to fictional characters on TV shows. we visit TV sets.
we know characters from TV more than we know our own neighbour. we talk about characters in conversation as if they are real. Disneyland - full of real people dressed as fictional characters. these are all examples of hyper-reality.

URRY - "the tourist gaze" we visit places through a tourist gaze because of power media imagery eg. Paris, New York, London

WATERS - death of class - no longer such an important source of identity
HALL - death of ethnicity - blurring of cultures
CONNEL - death of gender - girls can be masculine, boys can be feminine. being male or female is no longer a defining characteristic

i really hope that made some sense. if you need anything explaining better just ask, i'm kind of in a note making frame of mind due to all this revision!
Original post by 3ka_xo
are you sure you haven't been taught it? it's a real important topic for a2, i can't imagine any teacher leaving it out! if you have a textbook look through that. if not here's some authors..

i really hope that made some sense. if you need anything explaining better just ask, i'm kind of in a note making frame of mind due to all this revision!


You seem good at explaining. =] Can you explain Globalisation to me. =/
Reply 147
Original post by MiahMaster
You seem good at explaining. =] Can you explain Globalisation to me. =/


yeah i guess, it's like revising for me too.

globalisation means the increasing interconnectedness of societies so that what happens in one locality is shaped by a distant events and vice versa.

you can link globalisation to the media and crime, state crime and green crime.

CAUSES OF GLOBALISATION
- the spread of new communication technologies and influence of global mass media
- cheap air travel
- deregulation of financial and other markets and their opening up to competition
- easier movement - businesses can relocate to countries where profits would be greater

we now have a global criminal economy
HELD ET AL - there has been a globalisation of crime. crime is no longer confined to the borders of one country. theres new opportunities for crime, new ways of committing crime (think computers for both of these) and theres new offences eg. cyber crime - phishing, hacking, illegal downloading, child pornography etc.

CASTELLS - global criminal economy is worth about £1 trillion per annum. we have this economy because of globalisation. crimes that are global....
- arms trafficking -(supplying illegal regimes, terrorists with weapons)
- smuggling illegal immigrants
- trafficking of women and children
- trafficking of body parts for organ transplants
- trafficking of endangered animals or their parts eg. tigers, the fur trade
- sex tourism - going to the third world, often including minors
- cyber crime (listed above)
- international terrorism - ideological links made through technology, can be more widespread
- smuggling legal and illegal goods - eg. stolen cars (illegal) or alcohol and cigarettes to avoid paying taxes
- the drugs trade - in Colombia an estimated 20% of the population rely on cocaine production for their livelihoods.

ah i can't be bothered to go on, it's such a long topic! hope that got you started though :smile:
How much are any of you revising on Age & Crime? My teacher only gave us a 2 page booklet with very little information and I can't find it in either of my text books, is it even on the specification? Or is it combined with social class?
Original post by 3ka_xo
yeah i guess, it's like revising for me too.

globalisation means the increasing interconnectedness of societies so that what happens in one locality is shaped by a distant events and vice versa.

you can link globalisation to the media and crime, state crime and green crime.

CAUSES OF GLOBALISATION
- the spread of new communication technologies and influence of global mass media
- cheap air travel
- deregulation of financial and other markets and their opening up to competition
- easier movement - businesses can relocate to countries where profits would be greater

we now have a global criminal economy
HELD ET AL - there has been a globalisation of crime. crime is no longer confined to the borders of one country. theres new opportunities for crime, new ways of committing crime (think computers for both of these) and theres new offences eg. cyber crime - phishing, hacking, illegal downloading, child pornography etc.

CASTELLS - global criminal economy is worth about £1 trillion per annum. we have this economy because of globalisation. crimes that are global....
- arms trafficking -(supplying illegal regimes, terrorists with weapons)
- smuggling illegal immigrants
- trafficking of women and children
- trafficking of body parts for organ transplants
- trafficking of endangered animals or their parts eg. tigers, the fur trade
- sex tourism - going to the third world, often including minors
- cyber crime (listed above)
- international terrorism - ideological links made through technology, can be more widespread
- smuggling legal and illegal goods - eg. stolen cars (illegal) or alcohol and cigarettes to avoid paying taxes
- the drugs trade - in Colombia an estimated 20% of the population rely on cocaine production for their livelihoods.

ah i can't be bothered to go on, it's such a long topic! hope that got you started though :smile:


Aww yes thank you, it's jogging my memory. =D It was a very helpful. But i think with the examples you need not to put more than 3. =]
Reply 150
basically, everything in crime has come up apart from... functionalism, age and suicide, its unlikely that suicide and functionaloism will come up on the same paper as they are linked. in theory there is a wide range as to what it could be, but marxism looks more likely? remember its theory AND methods linked, i only found that out today..!!
Reply 151
Original post by MiahMaster
Aww yes thank you, it's jogging my memory. =D It was a very helpful. But i think with the examples you need not to put more than 3. =]


yeah i guess so.
Reply 152
Original post by pinkgiraffes

Original post by pinkgiraffes
How much are any of you revising on Age & Crime? My teacher only gave us a 2 page booklet with very little information and I can't find it in either of my text books, is it even on the specification? Or is it combined with social class?


there isnt a lot on age, alot of it is just tying everything together about what you know, for example, deviance amplification spiral, subcultures, subterranean values etc, you can mention anything from anywhere as long as you relate it to the question :smile: social class can come into it as its statstically more likely to be working class male youths as Murray (i think) says that the underclass are to blame for crime, which include single parent families, normally with no male, therefore males grow up with no male role model and thus turn to delinquent black rappers to aspire to and commit crime to acheive status.
Reply 153
does anyone have any advice on how to revise...nothing is sticking to my head!!!
Reply 154
Original post by 3ka_xo
just so you guys know if no ones already told you - sociology as a science is the 33 marker on the specimen paper. so it's probably unlikely to come up

on the specimen paper there was also ethnicity, media and theory in contexts question i can't remember


oo yh i got the specimen paper.... so those questions on it are unlikely to come up then lol
i think Gloabalisation, labelling << for teh two 21 markers.. and for the 33 marker i think functionlism. however, can anyone expplain what the diffence between structural theories and functionlism is please, beacuse i dont kno what to put for functionlism if it comes up for a 33 marker. thank you :smile:
Reply 155

i thought functionalism was a structural theory? :/ maybe wrongg
Reply 156
Original post by 3ka_xo
are you sure you haven't been taught it? it's a real important topic for a2, i can't imagine any teacher leaving it out! if you have a textbook look through that. if not here's some authors..

LYOTARD - talks about the collapse of the meta-narrative (big stories)
meta-narratives of the 20th century are things such as science, religion, technology etc. people have lost faith in these narratives and have turned away from these "big truths" as a source of meaning (eg. 2 world wars - science=destruction). the collapse of the meta-narratives has led to a fundamental shift away from the ideas that form modernist society. the result is a post-modern society.

post modern society has some key features:
- FLUIDITY - breakdown of certainties = fluidity in culture. eg. religion used to be fixed, now people choose their religion depending on what's happening in their life at any given time. identities are also fluid - eg. sexuality is no longer fixed

- HYBRIDITY - breakdown of truths => pick and mix culture. elements of different meta-narratives are combined by individuals to create their own identities

- RELATIVITY OF KNOWLEDGE - having rejected the big truths, people are confronted with a range of explanations of the world. no single "truth" has special status, they are all judged on their usefulness.

- FRAGMENTATION - breakdown of old certainties mean characteristics such as gender, class and ethnicity are blurred. it's no longer possible to describe identity in terms of these meta narratives.

BAUDRILLARD - people build identities out of the products they consume
eg. mobile phones are associated with certain lifestyles and personalities which people "buy into"

BAUDRILLARD - hyper-reality
we are no longer able to differentiate between what's real and what's fiction. at one stage the media was a reflection of basic reality but now it is nothing like reality.
our understanding of society consists of simulations (images) given to us by the media. TV has merged into real life and real life has merged into TV.
eg. we write to fictional characters on TV shows. we visit TV sets.
we know characters from TV more than we know our own neighbour. we talk about characters in conversation as if they are real. Disneyland - full of real people dressed as fictional characters. these are all examples of hyper-reality.

URRY - "the tourist gaze" we visit places through a tourist gaze because of power media imagery eg. Paris, New York, London

WATERS - death of class - no longer such an important source of identity
HALL - death of ethnicity - blurring of cultures
CONNEL - death of gender - girls can be masculine, boys can be feminine. being male or female is no longer a defining characteristic

i really hope that made some sense. if you need anything explaining better just ask, i'm kind of in a note making frame of mind due to all this revision!


wow you are a pro at explaining things. could you explain green crime and state crime for me and punishment please
Reply 157
Original post by Donw
oo yh i got the specimen paper.... so those questions on it are unlikely to come up then lol
i think Gloabalisation, labelling << for teh two 21 markers.. and for the 33 marker i think functionlism. however, can anyone expplain what the diffence between structural theories and functionlism is please, beacuse i dont kno what to put for functionlism if it comes up for a 33 marker. thank you :smile:


for functionalism u talk about the 2 main people which are durkheim and parsons

durkheim says: society has distinct quality that cannot be reduced to motives of individuals
he uses e.g. of football team-team is made up of individual with own specific qualities but when they're together they have diff qualities
so the team is like society and how it shapes individual behaviour
he studied suicide and said it involbes too much/too little integration
so level of external constraint in society could shape individual behaviour

Parsons says: society made up of linked elements that meet basic needs
e.g. filing cabinet--open the draw it reveals complex files with divsions
the divisions are the people and the filing cabinet is the society

he says society made up of 3 interlinked systems and social system is main one--for this to function & survive, must fulfill specific needs called functional prerequisites


evaluation-->wrong says oversocialised view of individual
Giddens-->deterministic-theory explains how society reproduces itself through socialisation into roles but fails to explain how individuals produce roles
Marxist--> does not give full account of social conflict

thats all u need to know hope its helpful :smile:
Original post by anyaaargh
there isnt a lot on age, alot of it is just tying everything together about what you know, for example, deviance amplification spiral, subcultures, subterranean values etc, you can mention anything from anywhere as long as you relate it to the question :smile: social class can come into it as its statstically more likely to be working class male youths as Murray (i think) says that the underclass are to blame for crime, which include single parent families, normally with no male, therefore males grow up with no male role model and thus turn to delinquent black rappers to aspire to and commit crime to acheive status.


ah thank you! I'm starting to regret leaving revision so late but I've had so much going on!

An ABB offer from Leeds Uni for Sociology mid-revision has got to be the ultimate motivation boost :smile:
Original post by 3ka_xo
are you sure you haven't been taught it? it's a real important topic for a2, i can't imagine any teacher leaving it out! if you have a textbook look through that. if not here's some authors..

LYOTARD - talks about the collapse of the meta-narrative (big stories)
meta-narratives of the 20th century are things such as science, religion, technology etc. people have lost faith in these narratives and have turned away from these &quot;big truths&quot; as a source of meaning (eg. 2 world wars - science=destruction). the collapse of the meta-narratives has led to a fundamental shift away from the ideas that form modernist society. the result is a post-modern society.

post modern society has some key features:
- FLUIDITY - breakdown of certainties = fluidity in culture. eg. religion used to be fixed, now people choose their religion depending on what's happening in their life at any given time. identities are also fluid - eg. sexuality is no longer fixed

- HYBRIDITY - breakdown of truths =&gt; pick and mix culture. elements of different meta-narratives are combined by individuals to create their own identities

- RELATIVITY OF KNOWLEDGE - having rejected the big truths, people are confronted with a range of explanations of the world. no single &quot;truth&quot; has special status, they are all judged on their usefulness.

- FRAGMENTATION - breakdown of old certainties mean characteristics such as gender, class and ethnicity are blurred. it's no longer possible to describe identity in terms of these meta narratives.

BAUDRILLARD - people build identities out of the products they consume
eg. mobile phones are associated with certain lifestyles and personalities which people &quot;buy into&quot;

BAUDRILLARD - hyper-reality
we are no longer able to differentiate between what's real and what's fiction. at one stage the media was a reflection of basic reality but now it is nothing like reality.
our understanding of society consists of simulations (images) given to us by the media. TV has merged into real life and real life has merged into TV.
eg. we write to fictional characters on TV shows. we visit TV sets.
we know characters from TV more than we know our own neighbour. we talk about characters in conversation as if they are real. Disneyland - full of real people dressed as fictional characters. these are all examples of hyper-reality.

URRY - &quot;the tourist gaze&quot; we visit places through a tourist gaze because of power media imagery eg. Paris, New York, London

WATERS - death of class - no longer such an important source of identity
HALL - death of ethnicity - blurring of cultures
CONNEL - death of gender - girls can be masculine, boys can be feminine. being male or female is no longer a defining characteristic

i really hope that made some sense. if you need anything explaining better just ask, i'm kind of in a note making frame of mind due to all this revision!


you have no idea how much help that is. thanks a bunch!

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