The answer is quite simple, the flooding of the market with graduates has resulted in the academic entry requirements for roles increasing also. Yet the value of the role to the organisation has not increased, in fact with the commoditisation of the IT sector the reverse has happened, these two factors can then be overlayed by off-shore delivery, whether near-shore or far-shore.
The final factor is that we have not had a significant technology wave for years, the rise of Unix over 370 architecture placed a massive premium on Unix skills and 30K within a few years of graduation was easy, and I am talking well over 15 to 20 years ago, same with AS400. Client server did the same, as did RDBMS over hierarchical, and 4 GL languages, as did the emergence of NT and 95, as did object oriented programming, as did the initial rise of SAP and Oracle ERPs,
SAP consultants a few years out of Uni could write their own cheque. All of these enhanced the value of roles to the organisation. Cloud does not seem to have the same effect, it generates good income for a few specialists, but the whole point is low cost delivery using cheap resources. It was not that long ago when at bid review we would not pursue a systems development project that was less than 3 million, not worth getting out of bed for so to speak, in the last 5 years anything over a million gets everyone very excited and bidding on 500K to 1 million projects is business as usual now. Global service contracts, I ran one across Europe and was pulling on average 38 million a year ( Peak 42 M) revenue at good margins, 10 years ago. The last bid I was involved in was a global deal of similar size, with more languages to support in the user support component, winning price.....< 20 million for the full 5 years......majority of the delivery from India so that the price could be met with a contract profit margin that supported the organisation profit margin.
There are still a few mega deals about but no where near as many as there used to be.
I started with A levels on £4,140 p.a. and excellent value I was
Always wonder what would have happened if I had stuck to the gap year (I blagged getting a job as a Trainee Computer Programmer) intention and actually gone to QMUL to do Nuclear Engineering, that sector has been rather weak over the same 30 year period lol.