[Coffeegirl]

Designing an Experiment

Null hypothesis: There will be NO significant difference...

Experimental/alternative hypothesis: There will be a significant difference...

One-tailed hypothesis: Predicts the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be better in loud room.

Two-tailed hypothesis: Does not predict the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be affected by how loud or quite a room is.
Determinate Variables: The IV is ....loud or quite room
The DV is...how many words are recalled

The control and experimental group must be defined. Also state whether lab or field.
Independent/Repeated measures design: IM= 2 or more conditions, with different participants. RM= 2 or more conditions with the same participants.

For RM, counterbalancing method also know as ABBA method should be used to reduce order effects. Half the partcipants can do teh first condition first and the other half can do the second condition first.

Sample method: Oppertunity sample- use the participants that are avalible ( the best one to do) Random sampling- choosing participants at random, representattive of population (not always) Self-selected sample- participants volunteer to participate, this overcomes the problem of consent (not informed consent)


Single blind=participants not aware of the aim of the study

Double blind= participants and the researchers carrying out the experiment do not know the aim of the study.

Procedure: write in full detail of what you did. You must include order of events, numbers of participants and full details of the material used. You must include conclusions and what you will do with your data, put in bar graph and calculate the average. List of materials.

Ethics: Must talk about how your experiment is ethical. Consent, protection from harm, deception, withdrawal and confidentiality, assure participants that their behaviour was normal.

[ellasmith]

(Original post by Coffeegirl)
Designing an Experiment

Null hypothesis: There will be NO significant difference...

Experimental/alternative hypothesis: There will be a significant difference...

One-tailed hypothesis: Predicts the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be better in loud room.

Two-tailed hypothesis: Does not predict the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be affected by how loud or quite a room is.
Determinate Variables: The IV is ....loud or quite room
The DV is...how many words are recalled

The control and experimental group must be defined. Also state whether lab or field.
Independent/Repeated measures design: IM= 2 or more conditions, with different participants. RM= 2 or more conditions with the same participants.

For RM, counterbalancing method also know as ABBA method should be used to reduce order effects. Half the partcipants can do teh first condition first and the other half can do the second condition first.

Sample method: Oppertunity sample- use the participants that are avalible ( the best one to do) Random sampling- choosing participants at random, representattive of population (not always) Self-selected sample- participants volunteer to participate, this overcomes the problem of consent (not informed consent)


Single blind=participants not aware of the aim of the study

Double blind= participants and the researchers carrying out the experiment do not know the aim of the study.

Procedure: write in full detail of what you did. You must include order of events, numbers of participants and full details of the material used. You must include conclusions and what you will do with your data, put in bar graph and calculate the average. List of materials.

Ethics: Must talk about how your experiment is ethical. Consent, protection from harm, deception, withdrawal and confidentiality, assure participants that their behaviour was normal.

love u for that

[Coffeegirl]

(Original post by ellasmith)
love u for that

I've never seen that smily before
I have another sheet on Observation but as you know with current discussion
I was gonna make one with self report and correlation but never got around to it.

[emilynicole]

(Original post by ellasmith)
yeah section B is quite unpredictable once you get past the standard 2 studies and strengths and weaknesses. Let's pray its something nice :|

Yeah! I never realised it can be on issues for part B, we were just told by our teacher that it's approaches and debates and now, two days before the exam, I find out there's more it could be! I swear I had the worst informed teachers ever! I mean it's not too bad as I'm okay with the issues but wish I'd known sooner so I could have planned revision time for it! So glad people on here are so helpful otherwise I still wouldn't know!


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[emilynicole]

(Original post by Coffeegirl)
Designing an Experiment

Null hypothesis: There will be NO significant difference...

Experimental/alternative hypothesis: There will be a significant difference...

One-tailed hypothesis: Predicts the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be better in loud room.

Two-tailed hypothesis: Does not predict the direction the hypothesis will go to, eg, memory will be affected by how loud or quite a room is.
Determinate Variables: The IV is ....loud or quite room
The DV is...how many words are recalled

The control and experimental group must be defined. Also state whether lab or field.
Independent/Repeated measures design: IM= 2 or more conditions, with different participants. RM= 2 or more conditions with the same participants.

For RM, counterbalancing method also know as ABBA method should be used to reduce order effects. Half the partcipants can do teh first condition first and the other half can do the second condition first.

Sample method: Oppertunity sample- use the participants that are avalible ( the best one to do) Random sampling- choosing participants at random, representattive of population (not always) Self-selected sample- participants volunteer to participate, this overcomes the problem of consent (not informed consent)


Single blind=participants not aware of the aim of the study

Double blind= participants and the researchers carrying out the experiment do not know the aim of the study.

Procedure: write in full detail of what you did. You must include order of events, numbers of participants and full details of the material used. You must include conclusions and what you will do with your data, put in bar graph and calculate the average. List of materials.

Ethics: Must talk about how your experiment is ethical. Consent, protection from harm, deception, withdrawal and confidentiality, assure participants that their behaviour was normal.

Thank youu so much! This is great to refresh my memory of all this! I knew it was all in my head somewhere!


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[gfm]

Given that we might get a question on experiments is everyone aware of type one and type two errors?

Type one: is when the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative is accepted while it should have been rejected, i.e. u think that u've found a significant difference while there isn't any.

Type 2: is when the alternative hypothesis is rejected and the null is accepted thinking that there isn't any significant difference while there is.

Such errors are made due to sample samples or anomalous results.

[Coffeegirl]

(Original post by emilynicole)
Thank youu so much! This is great to refresh my memory of all this! I knew it was all in my head somewhere!


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Your very welcome!

Typing it all up actually made me refresh my memory lol

[emilynicole]

(Original post by gfm)
Given that we might get a question on experiments is everyone aware of type one and type two errors?

Type one: is when the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative is accepted while it should have been rejected, i.e. u think that u've found a significant difference while there isn't any.

Type 2: is when the alternative hypothesis is rejected and the null is accepted thinking that there isn't any significant difference while there is.

Such errors are made due to sample samples or anomalous results.

Ooh yes! I forgot about that! Thank you, does anyone have problems remembering what way round they go?


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[gfm]

(Original post by emilynicole)
Ooh yes! I forgot about that! Thank you, does anyone have problems remembering what way round they go?


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If u struggle remembring do this:

Put a smily face on type one errors as the researcher gets to happy thinking they have found something significant but they havent

On type 2 put a sad face cuz the experimenter thinks they havnt found anything but they actually have.

[emilynicole]

(Original post by gfm)
If u struggle remembring do this:

Put a smily face on type one errors as the researcher gets to happy thinking they have found something significant but they havent

On type 2 put a sad face cuz the experimenter thinks they havnt found anything but they actually have.

Hahaa thanks, I like that way


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[Coffeegirl]

(Original post by gfm)
If u struggle remembring do this:

Put a smily face on type one errors as the researcher gets to happy thinking they have found something significant but they havent

On type 2 put a sad face cuz the experimenter thinks they havnt found anything but they actually have.

Wicked method! Thanks

[Palv]

(Original post by gfm)
Given that we might get a question on experiments is everyone aware of type one and type two errors?

Type one: is when the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative is accepted while it should have been rejected, i.e. u think that u've found a significant difference while there isn't any.

Type 2: is when the alternative hypothesis is rejected and the null is accepted thinking that there isn't any significant difference while there is.

Such errors are made due to sample samples or anomalous results.

Thank you for this. I was going to leave it out thinking that it would make things more complicated :P How would you use it in your answer though?

[kanchu]

Hey guys... How can explain that the study by Daly and Wilson links to individual difference approach? I'm having trouble writing this.

[pink_floyd]

If it's an observation for section A, and you tallied frequency of behaviours (under behavioural categories, event sampling) would this be ordinal/nominal/interval data?
Just freaking out because what if they ask which statistical test ahhh

Also would time sampling be interval?
Struggling to get my head around this!

Thanks

[goku12]

(Original post by ellasmith)
Maybe focus all of your revision on: longitudinal/snapshot, individual differences, ethnocentrism, behaviourism + psychodynamic as these are the only topics not to have come up! Just learn strengths and weaknesses of the other ones, and just blag the description of the studies! Psychology is such a blaggable subject, as long as what your saying has some sort of credit you'll get marks!

yeh thats true but would have been nice to have done all the approaches and felt prepared because this is the one exam where if you done all approaches you should do well. And yeh gotta pray its one of them, though then why was JAnuary Social approach and Lab exp? =\
I needa just focus today, who knows i may be able to get alot of work done, its not even that big content this exam

[Hanz_a93]

Anyone know what approach is most likely to come up?? Im thinking individual differences? And also what is most likely to come up in section A?? im thinking observation?? :/

[jessplease]

(Original post by Hanz_a93)
Anyone know what approach is most likely to come up?? Im thinking individual differences? And also what is most likely to come up in section A?? im thinking observation?? :/

I would say cognitive or perspectives and observation or self report, only because individual differences came up in their core studies paper and they've never done the same as core studies in the same year

[Mills2]

Hey I saw someone do a plan on how to conduct experiments. How about self report? do we just go on about it the same way? But use questionnaires, interviews etc.?
Thanks


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[jessplease]

Research question for questionnaires? How detailed?
And hypothesis for observation? How do you word them? Thanks

[goku12]

would anybody even be able to answer a section B on psychodynamic? If yes please give me Sterengths and Weaknesses for them and thoroughly if possible, thanks !