Finding roots of a trigonometric equation

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  1. Zishi's Avatar
    • Peer Of The TSR Realm
    • Location: Sacred Realm
    Finding roots of a trigonometric equation
    A question asks me to find the roots of the equation \mathrm{cosec}\ 2x = \cot x + \sec x in the range 0o<x<360o. Here's how I tried to solve it:
    \dfrac{1}{\sin 2x} = \dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x} + \dfrac{1}{\cos x}
    \dfrac{1}{2\sin x \cos x} = \dfrac{\cos^2 x +\sin x}{\cos x \sin x}

    I have been taught to not to cancel anything while solving trigonometric equation, so:
    \cos x \sin x = 2\sin x \cos^3 x + 2\sin^2 x \cos x
    \cos x \sin x - 2\sin x \cos^3 x - 2\sin^2 x \cos x = 0

    Taking sin x cos x common gives:

    (\sin x \cos x)(1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x) = 0

    So, solving \sin x \cos x = 0 and 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 should gives me the roots, but the wolfram alpha only gives the roots from 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 as the answer.

    Won't \sin x \cos x = 0 change to \frac{1}{2} \sin 2x = 0, to give another two roots?

    Please help. :cry2:
  2. james.h's Avatar
    • Benevolent Member
    • Posts: 858
    Re: Finding roots of a trigonometric equation
    (Original post by Zishi)
    A question asks me to find the roots of the equation \mathrm{cosec}\ 2x = \cot x + \sec x in the range 0o<x<360o. Here's how I tried to solve it:
    \dfrac{1}{\sin 2x} = \dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x} + \dfrac{1}{\cos x}
    \dfrac{1}{2\sin x \cos x} = \dfrac{\cos^2 x +\sin x}{\cos x \sin x}

    I have been taught to not to cancel anything while solving trigonometric equation, so:
    \cos x \sin x = 2\sin x \cos^3 x + 2\sin^2 x \cos x
    \cos x \sin x - 2\sin x \cos^3 x - 2\sin^2 x \cos x = 0

    Taking sin x cos x common gives:

    (\sin x \cos x)(1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x) = 0

    So, solving \sin x \cos x = 0 and 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 should gives me the roots, but the wolfram alpha only gives the roots from 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 as the answer.
    Won't \sin x \cos x = 0 change to \frac{1}{2} \sin 2x = 0, to give another two roots?

    Please help. :cry2:
    Your working's fine, but think about what \sin 2x = 0 corresponds to, in the question given.

    Dividing by zero is bad. :p: So we discard that solution. :yep:
  3. steve2005's Avatar
    • TSR Demigod
    • Location: LONDON
    Re: Finding roots of a trigonometric equation
    (Original post by Zishi)
    A question asks me to find the roots of the equation \mathrm{cosec}\ 2x = \cot x + \sec x in the range 0o<x<360o. Here's how I tried to solve it:
    \dfrac{1}{\sin 2x} = \dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x} + \dfrac{1}{\cos x}
    \dfrac{1}{2\sin x \cos x} = \dfrac{\cos^2 x +\sin x}{\cos x \sin x}

    I have been taught to not to cancel anything while solving trigonometric equation, so:
    \cos x \sin x = 2\sin x \cos^3 x + 2\sin^2 x \cos x
    \cos x \sin x - 2\sin x \cos^3 x - 2\sin^2 x \cos x = 0

    Taking sin x cos x common gives:

    (\sin x \cos x)(1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x) = 0

    So, solving \sin x \cos x = 0 and 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 should gives me the roots, but the wolfram alpha only gives the roots from 1 - 2\cos^2 x - 2\sin x = 0 as the answer.

    Won't \sin x \cos x = 0 change to \frac{1}{2} \sin 2x = 0, to give another two roots?

    Please help. :cry2:
    Neither sinx or cosx can equal zero because it is not permissible to divide by zero
  4. Zishi's Avatar
    • Peer Of The TSR Realm
    • Location: Sacred Realm
    Re: Finding roots of a trigonometric equation
    Ahh, I thought that I could always rely on the answers found from calculations. Anyway, thanks to both of you.
  5. Narev's Avatar
    • Adored and Respected Member
    • Posts: 538
    Re: Finding roots of a trigonometric equation
    (Original post by Zishi)
    Ahh, I thought that I could always rely on the answers found from calculations. Anyway, thanks to both of you.
    Not exactly. I'm sure you've done questions where you have constraints, and you'll find that one solution is not applicable considering the question you've done.

    Silly example: Find the values of  x for  x^2 -4 = 0 , where  x &gt; 0 . You'd say: Ahahah! I know that  x = 2, -2, but since the question tells me  x &gt; 0, then  x = 2.

    Since you received  \sin x \cos x = 0, you know this means either  \sin x = 0 or  \cos x = 0 or both.

    But look at what the initial question said:  \displaystyle\frac{1}{\sin 2x} = \frac{\cos x}{\sin x} + \frac{1}{\cos x}.

    That kind of already tells you that  \sin x \neq 0, \ \cos x \neq 0.

    *You are being taught correctly in not to cancel anything at all (not just in trigonometric equations) - but what you need to know is to check what you have calculated to see if it makes sense with the initial conditions in the question.
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