Ancient Roman Political Transition
Discuss issues related to past events, people, places, or old empires and civilisations.
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Ancient Roman Political Transition
To what extent did Caesar and Augustus change the foundations of Roman Politics during the transition of the Republic to Empire?
I know that, fundamentally, ideologies changed from Republicanism to Imperialism but what I want to know is how?
-What reforms helped change Reforms!?
-How did this affect the people of Rome?!
-How did it affect the senate?!
-How did it affect the military?!
-How did it affect the economy?! -
Re: Ancient Roman Political Transition
Gaius Marius did all of the millitary reforms which paved the way for Caesar/Pompey/Crassus/Sulla/Marcus Antonius/Brutus/Octavius etc etc to owning their own legions and using them for their own political gain which eventually accumulated in the fall of the republic/rise of the empire
As for the senate again the power plays started with Marius and Sulla, First Marius using tribunes of the plebs like Saturnius to legislate laws allowing him to be consul 5 times in a row, then when Sulla marched on Rome and became Dictator he changed the means of addmission for the senate, making it so men of military courage could enter at earlier ages, Caesar was in the senate from the age of 20 or so becuase he won an oak crown. Normal age of admission was 30.
The normal people of Rome were only affected in that the lowest of the low were given an opportunity to join the army and make a name for themselves and earn a wage. Other than that they were only affected when consuls were using grain to futher their own careers (Rome basically has a dole system, but when supply ran short they couldn't give out free grain and riots would occur) Then senators/consuls would promise free grain if their laws were legislated etc.
hope that helps a bit.....
It's common misconception that Caesar brought the republic down. The republic started to fail when the brothers Grachi were killed during their terms as tribune. Then civils wars between Rome/Italy Marius/Sulla Caesar/Pompeius Antonius/Ocatvius. Caesar never intended to remain dictator for life, he planned to step down as soon as he had righted all the wrongs and brought the republic back to the mos maiorum, which loosely translated is 'the way things always were' and romes core traditions..... but he was always opposed by Cato, Cicero and others with alot of power so nothign could ever be done peacfully.
After he was murdered Gaius Octavius (Augustus) saw that rome couldn't peacfully return to a republic so he formed the empire to make sure things were run as they should be, which worked during his life time and for a few generation but then they had some bat**** crazy emporers that ruined it all
christ I think I'm on the wrong degree.... maybe I should do classical history instead of Chemistry lol xD -
Re: Ancient Roman Political Transition
What Mmoor said was mostly on the mark.
Only discrepancies are that Octavian never really formed an "Empire" in his lifetime it was never accounted as such.
Once he defeated Anthony he took dictator role in the senate in all but title.
He was donned Imperator and named first among the plebs etc etc
Through his dominance of the senate and the through the reforms of individuals such as Julius (Which limited authority and supreme possession of land and wealth to the Patricians etc) as well as the earlier Marian reforms which first modernized the cent system as well as unit forms. Cohorts etc
Octavian successively ruled Rome and her holdings for his lifetime, and upon his death has the fortune of "adopting" a successor whom was Tiberius (Which is another interesting tale of itself) through bribe, likely murder and dominance he re-invented the way Rome ran.
He famously is attributed the quote "I inherited a Rome of Wood, and leave you with one of Marble" -
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