Proof of convergence of power series?

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  1. everything's Avatar
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    Proof of convergence of power series?
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    I'm not entirely sure what I should write to get the marks on part b here, could I get some help?

    Thanks
  2. nuodai's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    You should write what it asks you to write: state the values of x for which the series converges and diverges! It should be something you know by heart the values of x \ge 0 for which the series converges and diverges. For x<0 let y=-x so that y > 0; then \sum x^n = \sum (-)^ny^n. Apply the alternating series test.
  3. everything's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    (Original post by nuodai)
    You should write what it asks you to write: state the values of x for which the series converges and diverges! It should be something you know by heart the values of x \ge 0 for which the series converges and diverges. For x<0 let y=-x so that y > 0; then \sum x^n = \sum (-)^ny^n. Apply the alternating series test.
    What about proving it though? That's the sticking point, really.
  4. nuodai's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    (Original post by everything)
    What about proving it though? That's the sticking point, really.
    You should know that for \sum a_n to converge we need a_n \to 0, so clearly x \ge 1 and x \le -1 are out.

    For -1 < x < 1, split it into two cases: prove that it converges for 0 \le x < 1 directly, and use this result together with the alternating series test to prove that it converges for -1 < x \le 0.
    Last edited by nuodai; 10-08-2012 at 11:02.
  5. everything's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    (Original post by nuodai)
    You should know that for \sum a_n to converge we need a_n \to 0, so clearly x \ge 1 and x \le -1 are out.

    For -1 < x < 1, split it into two cases: prove that it converges for 0 \le x < 1 directly, and use this result together with the alternating series test to prove that it converges for -1 < x \le 0.
    How do you 'directly' prove that it converges for 0<x<1 ? Like, it's all pretty clear as to why and such, but I struggle to prove things..
  6. nuodai's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    (Original post by everything)
    How do you 'directly' prove that it converges for 0<x<1 ? Like, it's all pretty clear as to why and such, but I struggle to prove things..
    It's a geometric series, so you (probably) know that

    \displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^N x^n = \dfrac{1-x^{N+1}}{1-x}

    You need to show that this converges as N \to \infty. Can you see what to do now? (In fact, as it happens, you don't even need the alternating series test here since this proof applies whenever |x|&lt;1.)
  7. everything's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    (Original post by nuodai)
    It's a geometric series, so you (probably) know that

    \displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^N x^n = \dfrac{1-x^{N+1}}{1-x}

    You need to show that this converges as N \to \infty. Can you see what to do now? (In fact, as it happens, you don't even need the alternating series test here since this proof applies whenever |x|&lt;1.)
    Coo, that's what I did. Had no idea if that was what they were looking for though [since it doesn't really have anything to do with alternating series]. Thanks brah
  8. everything's Avatar
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    Re: Proof of convergence of power series?
    And I would upvote your posts but apparently I need to upvote other people first. I guess you helped me with my last question on here too. :P
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