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Cave, arch, stack sequence

Could anybody give me a brief explanation of blowholes, cave, arch, stacks, stumps etc? It would be much appreciated!! Thank you so much if you help
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tgwktm
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Original post by jibble
Could anybody give me a brief explanation of blowholes, cave, arch, stacks, stumps etc? It would be much appreciated!! Thank you so much if you help

a small notch in a headland appears after a fault or crack is weakened by hydraulic action of the waves, making this notch vulnerable to further erosion from the sea. this notch then becomes bigger as it is eroded further by the sea until a cave is created. this then becomes an arch after the cave has been fully eroded, making a hole through the whole headland. this rock forming to top of the arch is no longer supported by the cliff below as overtime it will weaken and eventually collapse creating a stack which is a section of the remaining headland that is now separate from the main cliff. as the sea begins to erode and weaken its base the stack will eventually collapse leading to the formation of a stump which is the remainder of the stack.

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