I think it would. I know I would have sore throats sometimes, and I don't even sing. lmgtfy -
What damage can smoking marijuana do to the voice?
Vocal cord scarring (with decreased range)
Laryngitis
Traumatic injuries (polyps, nodules, etc)
Pre-cancerous changes
Lung disease
While vocal cord damage does result in raspiness, this is often something singers desire. However, the rasp is due to vocal cord scarring and that this is irreversible. The scarring is also progressive so that the mild rasp of the 20 year old becomes a significantly more dysfunctional voice in the 30 and 40 year old. Years of frequent smoking will result in accumulated damage, and a singing voice that is no longer capable of producing musical range.
Inhaling any kind of smoke causes laryngitis.
Laryngitis is inflammation of the vocal cords and occurs due to smoking. Swollen cords do not vibrate the way they need to for singing. Smokers’ cords are swollen but singers often “muscle through” performances despite this swelling. This overly forceful technique can result in acute injuries.
Even if polyps don’t occur, other injuries (such as hemorrhage, nodules, and cysts) may occur when singing on swollen vocal cords.