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Uses of DNA in science and Technology essay

Has anybody done this essay? I'm really struggling on it
doing it now
my plan is this:

• Screen dna
o Probes
Locate mutated genes
Sequence gene
Produce multiple probes (PCR)
Label the probe
Incubate with dnd ad electrophoresis
OR
Microarray
Labelled DNA washed over many of the same probe
Will only stick if has mutated gene
Many different genes screened at same time

• Gene therapy (treatment)
o somatic
Cycstic fibrosos
CFTR gene inserted into lungs
o Germ line therapy
Screening of IVF embroys

• Cancer treatment
o Breast c mutation on HER2 proto-oncogene treated by Herceptin
o Binds to HER2 receptor to stop growth
o Skin c mutation of B-RAF protoonco
o treated by ZELBORAF
o Inhibits braf enzyme which stops cells that express it from growing
o Breast, pancreatic, cervical caused by mutation on BRCA
o small molecules blocks enzymes that repair DNA and kills cell


• other uses of PCR (in vitro)
o Crime scenes
o Genetic fingerprinting/electrophoresis
Genetic relationships
• Between species classification
• Separation temp experiment
Diagnosis – genetic disorders

• In vivo cloning
o Recombinant and transformed cells
o Plasmids or viruses
o Genetic engeneering
Makes proteins – insulin for diabetes
Bacterium used as vector to insert transformed into plant e.g. tolerate drought
• Golden rice
o Beta carotene helps vitamin A deficiency
• Biological catalysts
o Chymosin enzyme for cheese production
• Vaccines
o Most need refrigeration
o Some countries cant
- allows for production of vaccines that dont need refrigeration


• Stem cells human
o Make genetically identical organs/tissues bodies wont reject


• Stem cells plant
o Totipotent
o Organ or clone

hope this helps - ask if you want clarification or explanation of examples
I do a course on this in uni so to nerd it j would recommend writing about omics, transciptomics like microarray a to detect expression levels, rna seq also, Sanger sequencing followed by deep sequencing, massively parallel etc


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