Well 22 and 24 are the easiest to explain.
For 22, you need to know how the graphs work. Last number without an x simply moves it up or down on the graph so it doesn't matter.
Having the first number a minus starts with the graph going up so that's automatically out.
What's left is figuring out what kind of graphs they make. You should know that having all x numbers either positive or negative creates u shaped graph.
So we know the first number can't be a minus. Last number doesn't matter and that same type of numbers make u shaped graphs.
So you need graphs that begin with a plus, then have a minus and the single number sign does not matter.
24 is also simple. You just need to know that the area of equilateral is √3/4 x a^2 where a is the length of its side. The triangle is called that because all sides are equal and the task asks you to fit it into a square of side a. So you are literally given the a and just need to know the equilateral area formula and move it a bit to get the answer in correct format.