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Why cations are smaller than the corresponding atoms?
1. Less repulsion between the remaining electrons
2. Same attraction, but over lessno. of e-, so outer e- s are pulled towards the nuclear charges, so smaller
1. is in the answer but 2. isn't. Wonder if 2. is a valid explanation (for a level, coz I still tend to be GCSEish ). I made 2. up coz I thought it make sense.
2. Same attraction, but over lessno. of e-, so outer e- s are pulled towards the nuclear charges, so smaller
1. is in the answer but 2. isn't. Wonder if 2. is a valid explanation (for a level, coz I still tend to be GCSEish ). I made 2. up coz I thought it make sense.
I would say that 2. is not correct, as the attraction is not constant. A valid explanation could be the following:
Since the nuclear charge remains constant, but there are fewer electrons, the effective nuclear charge (or attraction of the valence electrons to the nucleus) increases, causing a decrease in size
Since the nuclear charge remains constant, but there are fewer electrons, the effective nuclear charge (or attraction of the valence electrons to the nucleus) increases, causing a decrease in size
+ less shielding from the charge in the nucleus by other electrons (distinct from your first point about repulsion)
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