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1911 Revolution
Causes
- End of notion of reform based on Chinese classics
- Introduction of social Darwinism
- Growth of Education
- Most of the 8,000 Chinese students in Japan organised propaganda for the revolution
Nature
- Military Mutiny in Wuhan. (Double tenth (10.10.1911)
- Troops ordered to suppress dissidents refused
- Spark needed
- Copycat risings.
- 3 Provinces declare themselves independent
- Rebels gather in Nanking to declare republic.
- Manchus appealed to Yuan Shikai, who
- Appeared to reorganise and defend government
- Actually plotted overthrow
- Had a vendetta against Manchus
- Disliked Republicanism
- Aimed to replace Manchus with himself as Emperor
4 months later
- Yuan Shikai does deal with Republicans
- Peking and the provisional president in Nanking recommended Yüan to be the first president of China
- Allowed to take over as President of new Republic, in return for negotiating constitution and persuade Manchus to resign.
1912 Yuan agrees
- Presents himself to outside world as emperor in order to negotiate loans
- Manchus resign
- Constitution introduced, Revolution complete.
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