Revision:Alkanes

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Alkanes have the general formula C_nH_2n+2. They are saturated (Contain no double/triple bonds) hydrocarbons (Contain only hydrogen and carbon). There are structural isomers, molecules of the same molecular formula with atoms bonded together differently, of alkanes, such as butane and methylpropane. Alkanes are obtained from fractional distillation, cracking and reformation of crude oil, and are used as fuels. When burnt, alkanes produce carbon dioxide; it is therefore important that new, greener fuels are developed to reduce emissions and combat climate change.

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Combustion:

(Not balanced)

Free Radical Substitution:

(Mechanism of substitution by chlorine)