TSR Wiki > Study Help > Subjects and Revision > Revision Notes > Geography > Components of Population
Components of population change are births and deaths, immigrants and emigrants.
Fertility and Mortality
Fertility is the number of live births in a defined population. It is calculated using two main indices:
- Crude Birth rate (CBR): the total number of live births / the total population x 100
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR): the total number of live births / women of childbearing age(15-49) x 100
Mortality is the number of deaths in a defined population. It is calculated using two main indices:
- Crude Death Rate (CDR): the total number of deaths / the total population x 100
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): the number of infant deaths / the number of live births x 1000
Factors affecting fertility
- Religion: most major religions favour family development so very religious populations have a high fertility.
- Social customs and taboos, eg as regards contraception
- Education. There is an inverse relationship between education level and the number of children .
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