• Revision:Formulae for Nuffield Physics

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Formula Alternative Unit
p = \frac{F}{A} pressure = force/area Pa or Nm-2
v = \frac{d}{t} speed = distance/(time taken) m s-1
\frac{p_1V_1}{T_1} = \frac{p_2V_2}{T_2}
W = Fs Work done = Force distance moved in the direction of the force J
P = \frac{W}{t} Power = energy transformed/(time taken) W or Js-1
E = Pt Electrical energy = Power time
Electrical energy in kWh = Power in kW time in hours 		J or kWh
E = VIt electrical energy = potential difference current time J
- moment of a force about a pivot = force perp distance from force to pivot Nm
- sum of clockwise moments = sum of anticlockwise moments Nm
a = \frac{Dv}{Dt} acceleration = change in velocity/change in time ms-2
F = ma Force = mass acceleration (constant mass) N
c = \frac{f}{\lambda} wave speed = frequency wavelength ms-1
Q = It Charge = current time (constant current) C
V = IR potential difference = current resistance V
P = IV electric power = current potential difference W or Js-1
W = mg weight = mass gravitational field strength N
E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 kinetic energy = ½ mass velocity2 J
E_p = mgDh increase in gravitational potential energy = mass g change in height (Dh small enough that g is constant) J
p = mv momentum = mass velocity kg m s-1
F = \frac{mv^2}{r} centripetal force = mass velocity2/radius N
V = \frac{W}{Q} potential difference = energy transformed/charge transferred V
R = \frac{V}{I} Resistance of element = potential difference across element/current ohms
R = \frac{rl}{A} resistance = resistivity length/area ohms
C = \frac{Q}{V} capacitance = charge/potential difference F
pV = nRT Ideal gas law J mol-1
F = \frac{q_1q_2}{4pe_0r^2} electric force (radial) N
E = \frac{F}{q} = \frac{V}{d} electric field strength for uniform field V m-1
E = \frac{q}{4pe_0r^2} electric field strength for radial field V m-1
V = \frac{q}{4pe_0r} electric potential at a point V
F = \frac{-Gm_1m_2}{r^2} gravitational force N
g = \frac{-Gm}{r^2} gravitational field strength radial N kg-1
Vg = \frac{-Gm}{r} gravitational potential at a point J kg-1


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