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Crude Oil
Crude oil is made from dead animals under the sea which were compressed between layers of impermeable rock in sedimentary rock.
Fractional Distillation
Fractional distillation takes place at an oil refinery. The process separates the many hydrocarbons in crude oil into useful mixtures. Hydrocarbons that are separated include refinery gas which is used for gas cookers, and kerosine used for aircraft fuel
Properties of fractions at the top
- Low boiling point
- Burn with a clear flame
- Light coloured
- More runny
- Burn readily
- Are smaller molecules
Properties of fractions at the bottom
- Have a high melting point
- Are darker in colour
- Are thicker
- Less likely to burn
- Are larger molecules
- These hydrocarbons have a high boiling point and have longer carbon chains.
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