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Revision:Motion - velocity and acceleration and related equations

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TSR Wiki > Study Help > Subjects and Revision > Revision Notes > Physics > Motion - velocity and acceleration and related equations

Scalar

A quantity with only magnitude and units. e.g. Mass, Speed, Energy. Speed and distance are both scalars.


Vector

  • A quantity with magnitude, direction and units.
  • Velocity and displacement are vectors because they have magnitude and direction.
  • Velocity = Displacement / Time.
  • It is also the gradient of a displacement/time graph.
  • Units: ms-1


Displacement

  • How far an object has moved from a certain position.
  • Positive and negative displacement show movement in opposite directions. Units: m


Acceleration

  • Rate of change of velocity.
  • It is also the gradient of a velocity-time graph.
  • A positive acceleration shows speeding up and vice versa.
  • Change in velocity / time
  • Units ms-2


The equations

s = displacement
u = initial velocity
v = final velocity
a = acceleration
t = time


v = u + at
v^2 = u^2 + 2as
s = ut + \frac{at^2}{2}
s = \frac{t(u+v)}{2}


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