Revision:Shanty Towns - push and pull factors

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Shanty Towns are a collection of overcrowded poor quality housing which develop on poor land. There are no services or amenities and are built of waste materials. They are on the edge of cities on marginal land, waste tips, cemeteries or poor quality land unwanted by developers.

Push Factors

Push factors are the elements of the habitat which push people away from that area.

Push factors from the Shanty Towns:

• Lack of food due to crop failure
• Extreme physical conditions in the countryside, e.g. drought and heat
• Lack of services
• Lack of employment and investment by the government
• Labourers being forced off land
• Poor living conditions, e.g. open sewers, lack of electricity

Pull Factors

Pull factors are elements of an area which appear attractive to people from other places, pulling people to that area.

Pull factors to the Cities:

• Prospect of employment
• Possibility of having better housing, health services, education and electricity supply
• Prospect of a reliable source of food and water
• Possibility of having better living conditions, e.g. sewers, toilets
• The government is willing to invest money to improve conditions in the city

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