TSR Wiki > Study Help > Subjects and Revision > Revision Notes > English > Spoken Word - Key Terms
| TERM
| EXPLANATION
| EXAMPLE
|
| Regional dialect
| Different varieties of a language spoken in different places
| “I give it to me Nan”
|
| Phatic speech
| Fillers, get the conversation started. devoid of serious content
| “How’s things?”
|
| Deictic expressions
| Cannot be understood unless the context of the utterance is known
| “Can you take this over there?”
|
| Bombastic language
| Over the top, exaggerated language
| “I’ve got a million things to do today”
|
| Imperative
| A command/order
| “On your imaginary forces work”
|
| Invocation
| Urges a collective action
| “Let’s stab ourselves”
|
| Declarative
| A fact
| “The land Salic is in Germany”
|
| Interrogative
| A question
| “May I with right and conscience make this claim?”
|
| Register
| Formal/informal
| Henry/Harry
|
| Jargon/semantic field
| Key words associated with a specific area
| “famine, sword and fire”
|
| Interrupted constructions
| One construction is abandoned in favour of another
| “I think you could have – you should have told me”
|
| Disjointed constructions
| Not proper sentences
| “He knows about computers – how to fix them”
|
| Incomplete construction
| Shortened sentences
| “Beckham to Owen”
|
| Non-standard grammar
| Reflects the informality of speech
| “I don’t know nothing about it”
|
| Fillers
| Expressions of little meaning
| “you know” “I mean”
|
| Filled pauses
| Hesitations
| “um” “er”
|
Grice’s Maxims
- Quantity – offering neither too much or too little
- Relevance – a contribution that relates to the conversation
- Manner – a clear and intelligible contribution
- Quality – we will tend to say things that are true
Halliday’s Taxonomy
- Instrumental – to get things done
- Regulatory – to influence or control the actions of others
- Interactional – social language to sustain relationships
- Personal – to express yourself or your opinion
- Heuristic – to find out information
- Imaginative – to exercise your imagination
- Representational – the pass on information
Comments
These notes are aimed at people studying Spoken Word and Genre Studies Units for A Level English Language.
Originally posted by ~Sam~ on TSR Forums.
