Nervous system - Dementia

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  • Created by: suzwong
  • Created on: 10-02-21 01:05
Can anti-depressant be used in patients with Dementia?
No! All anti-muscarinic drugs should be minimised in dementia patient, as it can impair cognitive function. E.g. anti-depressant (amitriptyline, paroxetine etc) antihistamine (chlorphenamine, promethazine) anti-psychotic (olanzapine, quetiapine) urinary
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Aim of treatment for dementia?
- promote independence - maintain function - manage symptoms of dementia
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What are the types of Dementia?
-Alzheimers's disease (most common) -vascular dementia (due to cerebrovascular disease) - mixed dementia -lewy bodies dementia - frontotemporal dementia
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Definition of dementia?
-progressive clinical syndrome - cognitive and behavourial symptoms (i.e. memory loss, reasoning and communication problems, change in personality, unable to peform daily activities etc)
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What is first line for mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease?
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are first line. - Donepezil HCl - Rivastigmine - Galantamine
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What is the alternative when acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is contraindicated/ intolerable in moderate Alzheimer's disease?
Memantine HCl (also used in severe AD) (or as additional when disease become moderate/severe)
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If Alzheimer's disease has progressed to moderate/ severe stages, memantine can be initiated in primary care without specialist advice
/
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What is given to mild- moderate Lewy bodies dementia? And what is the alternative when first line is intolerable?
Donepezil HCl or Rivastigmine (both are unlicensed) when the above two are intolerable-> Galantamine
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Alternative for Lewy bodies dementia when acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are contraindicated?
Memantine
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For Vascular dementia (w/ Alzheimers disease or Parkinson's disease dementia or Lewy bodies dementia), what can be given?
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or memantine (unlicensed for both)
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Can acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or memantine be given for frontotemporal dementia - true/ false
false (NOT recommended for frontotemporal dementia or cognitive impairment caused by multiple sclerosis)
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According to MHRA, what are the risks when antipsychotics are used in patients with dementia?
risk of stroke and small risk of death
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Card 2

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Aim of treatment for dementia?

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- promote independence - maintain function - manage symptoms of dementia

Card 3

Front

What are the types of Dementia?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Definition of dementia?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is first line for mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease?

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