People seem to have a bit of a misunderstanding about American degrees. They include what we do at A level as part of their degree, and generally do the equivalent of an MA at the end. So yes, degrees are harder and not doing one is the same as us leaving school at GCSE level. I much prefer our system because it doesn't create huge social divides like theirs, and if the cost of that is to have people in a country renowned for ignorance and stupidity look down on my piece of paper then so be it.
In terms of getting a job with a business degree, it definitely depends on the calibre of the applicant. Your degree won't guarantee you a job, just the chance to apply, and you should just focus on being the best possible applicant.
Applying to universities out there for PhDs, it would be discriminatory to scrutinise our degree system rather than individual applicants who wouldn't have had a choice in their degree system. They're told to treat applicants equally on this, though there's no way of knowing if they do and they probably do consider our MAs the same as their basic degree bundle.