Yeah, it was a silly mistake on my part, but at least you now know what kind of mistakes can be made :P
You may know some of the functions already, but with respect to the organelles represented in your original post:
Cytoplasm: the fluid that fills a cell. It's where a lot of cellular reactions take place (as metabolic processes generally take place in solution). Organelles are also contained in the cytoplasm.
Mitochondria: Where aerobic respiration takes place. It produces ATP for a cell to utilise, and ATP is essential for metabolic process such as protein synthesis etc.
Microvilli: Cellular projections that provide a high surface area. If a cell needs to take ions or other substances, the large surface area allows the cell to take up lots of it in a given time. An example could be for cells in the small intestine which have microvilli - the microvilli allow them to take up certain nutrients that pass through the small intestine.
Vesicles: Formed from the Golgi Apparatus, they contain substances within a cell. They can release substances out of a cell by exocytosis by fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents. However, some vesicles remain within the cell (some contain proteins that act as digestive enzymes - called lysosomes)
Golgi Apparatus: A series of curved membranes enclosing a series of flattened sacs. It is a structure that constantly changes - at one side, vesicles already in the cell can fuse with it forming a new layer. At the other side, vesicles are being created by the Golgi Apparatus and these move away from the cell. Ot is where proteins can be packaged and processed - after protein synthesis (which occurs on the ribosomes), the proteins are packaged into vesicles which move to the Golgi Apparatus. They are 'folded' in to the secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures (depending on the protein). For example, enzymes (which have a tertiary structure) have a specific 3D shape which allows them to carry out their function, and the Golgi Apparatus is essential in folding the original polypeptide chain correctly to create a specific protein. Once the polypeptide chain has been folded, it is packaged into Golgi vesicles which can release the protein out of the cell (by endocytosis), or the proteins can remain within the cell (I know that was a lot of waffle, but I hope it makes sense!).
Last but not least...
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: A network of membranes (fluid filled), which can be referred to as cisternae. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes on the outside of it (represented by the black dots), and as you know this is where protein synthesis takes place. Once the polypeptides have been produced, the rough endoplasmic reticulum aids the transport of these polypeptides from the ribosomes to the Golgi Apparatus (where they will be packaged and processed). Vesicles can be formed off of the rough endoplasmic which allows for the transport of proteins to the Golgi Apparatus.
I have checked over the information I have written, so I'm hoping there won't be any mistakes! However, if anybody else would like to add anything, or correct me if I'm wrong, please feel free
I hope that helps!