Can someone clearly explain to me the process of synthesising proteins - with the golgi apparatus and rER
1. protein release from ribosome /eq ; 2. enter the rER {lumen / eq} ; 3. becomes packaged into (rER) vesicles ; 4. (vesicles / proteins) move to Golgi (apparatus) / {vesicles fuse with / protein enters} Golgi ; 5. protein {modified / carbohydrate added / named carbohydrate added} / eq ; 6. then become packaged into (secretory) vesicles / eq ; 7. glycoprotein becomes part of (vesicle) membrane ; 8. vesicles {move towards / fuse with} the cell (surface) membrane ;
Hey in a double-blind trial, neither the patient nor the doctor knows who is on the actual drug and who is on the placebo right? Or does the doctor know? If they both don't know, how are they supposed to compare the two groups?
Neither patient nor doctor know. The 2 groups are compared on how much they improve. If the actual drug group improves more than the placebo group then we know that the drug is effective.
The doctor won't know but some one else would know who belongs to each group and they can compare the results
allot of you have said that there was allot of hsw questions in the jan 2013, i actually thought there was justt one 2 marker :/ maybe my interpretation of what hsw questions are is wrong :/ so what were the hsw question in the jan 2013?
its a human pigment for determination of our skin colour, it might show up in genetic question though, any further details might be provided in the question itself ( I hope)
1. protein release from ribosome /eq ; 2. enter the rER {lumen / eq} ; 3. becomes packaged into (rER) vesicles ; 4. (vesicles / proteins) move to Golgi (apparatus) / {vesicles fuse with / protein enters} Golgi ; 5. protein {modified / carbohydrate added / named carbohydrate added} / eq ; 6. then become packaged into (secretory) vesicles / eq ; 7. glycoprotein becomes part of (vesicle) membrane ; 8. vesicles {move towards / fuse with} the cell (surface) membrane ;
its a human pigment for determination of our skin colour, it might show up in genetic question though, any further details might be provided in the question itself ( I hope)
pleeease examples of pluripotent totipotent and multipotent cells
-Proteins are synthesised in the ribosomes -Stored in the rER -The protein is then folded into a 3D shape within the lumen of the rER -Vesicles pinch off the rER, fusing with the golgi body forming flattened cisternae -Golgi body modifies the protein (i.e. glycoproteins, trimming of carbohydrate) -Water is removed to concentrate -Vesicles pinch off the golgi body -Substance leaves cell via exocytosis
pleeease examples of pluripotent totipotent and multipotent cells
Totipotent stem cells: any cell before blastocyst stage. Pluripotent: Anything apart from extraembryonic cells (the placenta) Multipotent: adult stem cells (in bone marrow)