How did they do step 2?

??

I'm not sure but they may be saying that the 3 resistors in the top-left look like a 2/3R resistor from the point of view of both nodes to which they are connected (similar to the replacement in step 1) so they have simply arranged for both nodes to see 2/3R.

If that is the argument, then I'm not sure it's valid, since the 3 resistors do not form a stand-alone circuit element in this case, whereas in step 1 the replacement looks fine.

what do you do to solve 1 i've asked my teacher this before and she couldnt do this,so annoying

The three resistors at the top right make a triangle. In a triangle combination (or a delta combination), two of the resistors are in series, while one is in parallel. So the R_Eq= R*(R+R)/R+R+R = 2/3R as shown in the figure.

I hope that helps :P

No, for the other two, you have to apply delta-wye conversions. The two delta circuits (top and bottom left) are converted into wye circuits as shown in step 2. Here is a simple worksheet how to do it.

i dont know what delta wye is,is this A level stuff?

No, undergraduate stuff. You won't get such questions in A-levels.

oh right thats good,i'll try learning these then thanks for the worksheet ,why did you put it sixth form if its undergrad stuff?