I work on a torso/limbs split, which is a modified upper/lower split as used in Dorian Yates' AB routine, Jim Stoppani's Shortcut to Size and DoggCrapp - so each muscle gets trained twice a week with low-moderate volume. I train one day on, one day off, mostly for hypertrophy purposes but obviously progressive overload is of high priority and I've gained a lot of strength training like this.
The first 2 workouts in the week are trained under Dorian Yates' HIT principles; after any warmup sets, each exercise gets one set to complete muscular failure and then finished off with an intensity technique (such as dropsets, rest-pause, partials etc) and are based around heavy compounds and attempting to increase by one rep each week, before increasing the weight when it gets too light.
Workout A:
Dumbbell bench
Incline bench
Dumbbell shoulder press
Widegrip pullups
Widegrip barbell rows
Underhand pulldowns
Workout B:
Dumbbell curls
Skullcrushers
Squats
Romanian DLs
Standing calf raises
Seated calf raises
The next 2 workouts are trained under Vince Gironda's 6x6 method, using lighter weights, high volume and very short rest periods, focusing on training density (a lot of work within a short space of time). Less compounds are used here and the muscles are trained under both stretch reflex and then peak contraction (POF principles). Weight is increased when all 6 reps on the last set can be completed.
Rest periods are 30 seconds between sets and 2-3 minutes between exercises (2 minutes between exercises on one musclegroup, 3 minutes between musclegroup).
Workout C:
Incline flyes
Cable crossovers
Lateral raises
Incline lateral raises
Dumbbell pullovers
Bench supported dumbbell rows
Rear delt flyes
Workout D:
Incline curls
Cable curls
Overhead extensions
Pushdowns
Lying leg extensions
Seated leg extensions
SLDL
Leg curls
Seems like a LOT of volume, but considering the low intensity of the movements involved and low amount of exercises per muscle, it's certainly manageable.