Plant oils |
---|
Soybeans are used as a source of biodiesel |
Types |
Uses |
Components |
•
Virgin oil feedstock – rapeseed and soybean oils are most commonly used, soybean oil accounting for about half of U.S. production.[75] It also can be obtained from Pongamia, field pennycress and jatropha and other crops such as mustard, jojoba, flax, sunflower, palm oil, coconut and hemp (see list of vegetable oils for biofuel for more information);
•
Waste vegetable oil (WVO);
•
Animal fats including tallow, lard, yellow grease, chicken fat,[76] and the by-products of the production of Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil.
•
Algae, which can be grown using waste materials such as sewage[77] and without displacing land currently used for food production.
•
Oil from halophytes such as Salicornia bigelovii, which can be grown using saltwater in coastal areas where conventional crops cannot be grown, with yields equal to the yields of soybeans and other oilseeds grown using freshwater irrigation[78]
•
Sewage Sludge - The sewage-to-biofuel field is attracting interest from major companies like Waste Management and startups like InfoSpi, which are betting that renewable sewage biodiesel can become competitive with petroleum diesel on price.[79]
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