Turning points questions
In the cathode ray experiment, cathodes rays were produced in an evacuated glass tube, what produced the 'rays' if the electrons couldn't collide with anything as it was evacuated?
Also in the jj Thompson experiment where there was a small amount of hydrogen in the tube, what causes the production of hydrogen ions? is it the electron ray produced by the cathode/anode knocking them off? Are the electrons colliding with the proton of the hydrogen nucleus and creating a neutron? I'm confused as to what causes the production of hydrogen ions? Is it multiple factors
Also it is said that Thompson concluded that the cathode ray consisted of particles that made up an atom, how did he come to this conclusion based on this experiment?
Thanks in advance for any help