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Inquiry from JD/American Citizen

Hello,

I am a US citizen interested in applying to UK LLM programs. I graduate this May from an Ivy League law school (think one of Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Cornell, UPenn), but I am exploring international options. I also had 6 years of legal work experience before law school (4 of which was at a UK MC firm based in New York), and each summer of law school I worked at either a law firm or Fortune 500 company. I am currently externing at a US federal/government agency. I also hold citizenship from a Caribbean country.

That said, I have mediocre grades and will graduate with a mid-to-high 2:2 JD. What are my chances of acceptance to KCL, UCL or QMUL for the LLM? I wish to take my LLM to practice in an overseas jurisdiction, and not necessarily the UK.

Other important side notes:

- I will likely be barred in NY or CA and have 2-3 years post-grad work experience prior to my UK relocation;
- I will also likely sit for the QLTT examination prior to relocation;
- I'm not necessarily looking for a TC but may consider it with an American law firm;
- I will likely be working as a legal fellow or at a US law firm upon my graduation.

Are my chances of admittance to KCL, UCL or QMUL at all likely?

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What's your actual GPA and class rank for your JD?
Reply 2
Original post by MrLintonJones
What's your actual GPA and class rank for your JD?


2.8 GPA, which I assume is equivalent to a 58% in the UK.

My school does not issue class rank.
Original post by Golden436
2.8 GPA, which I assume is equivalent to a 58% in the UK.

My school does not issue class rank.


I went to the US for an LLM - so I have a little understanding of the US Law School system, but correct me if I am wrong with the following...

To get into one of the law schools you mentioned you must have had a high undergrad GPA in the first place - they will be interested in that too. Also as I understand it, as was at my US law school, all US law schools have bell curves? That isn't the case in the UK, law students are not graded against one another on a bell curve (so everyone can get an A+/1st class paper if that is the standard everybody is at). That means that you can't really directly translate US law school GPAs into 3/2:2/2:1/1 UK classifications, although you might be able to from a US undergrad where there are no bell curves.

So whilst your 2.8 GPA may look worse next to your peers, and when "converted" into UK grades, I think because it comes from a top law school and a bell curve system this may mitigate that fact a bit. As I understand it "Big Law" in the US even has different GPA cut offs for those from different schools, in order to mitigate the bell curve itself too - a 2.8GPA from Harvard, for example, would not do worse than a 3.5 GPA from Pepperdine.

I imagine LLM programs would understand that too (and there may even be a space on the application form to explain this further).
Reply 4
Original post by MrLintonJones
I went to the US for an LLM - so I have a little understanding of the US Law School system, but correct me if I am wrong with the following...

To get into one of the law schools you mentioned you must have had a high undergrad GPA in the first place - they will be interested in that too. Also as I understand it, as was at my US law school, all US law schools have bell curves? That isn't the case in the UK, law students are not graded against one another on a bell curve (so everyone can get an A+/1st class paper if that is the standard everybody is at). That means that you can't really directly translate US law school GPAs into 3/2:2/2:1/1 UK classifications, although you might be able to from a US undergrad where there are no bell curves.

So whilst your 2.8 GPA may look worse next to your peers, and when "converted" into UK grades, I think because it comes from a top law school and a bell curve system this may mitigate that fact a bit. As I understand it "Big Law" in the US even has different GPA cut offs for those from different schools, in order to mitigate the bell curve itself too - a 2.8GPA from Harvard, for example, would not do worse than a 3.5 GPA from Pepperdine.

I imagine LLM programs would understand that too (and there may even be a space on the application form to explain this further).


Many thanks Sir/Madam for your insight! Yes, my school like most other US law schools grades on a curve. I was hoping my prior and post-grad work experience, coupled with my NY or CA bar admission would help mitigate the GPA. I didn't think my undergraduate 2:1 would have helped, but I'm happy to hear that admission committees may be interested in that, too.

Would you say I still have a shot at UCL or KCL? What about LSE and QMUL? I am looking to get into the best program for banking/finance/competition/international trade law. Not exactly sure which focus it will be yet. I believe the current reputation amongst the 4 are UCL-->LSE--->KCL--->QMUL. Would you say that's a fair assessment?

In addition, are you currently practicing in the UK with your US LLM? How has your experiences been? Please feel free to reach out by private message as well!
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 5
Original post by J-SP
Regarding your side notes:

- I doubt any firm would take you on as a TC with your current level of experience - it would not make sense to either if you were doing the QLTS (as it stands)
- The QLTS could change soon anyway and have a compulsory work experience element to it - these are part of qualification process changes under the SQE consultantions currently taking place and due to be finalised later this year, so sitting the equivalent of the QLTS may need up to 18 months worth of work experience. It isn't clear whether that has to be in the UK though.


Do you think I will be considered overqualified for a TC?

What do you think is my best approach here: LLM or GDL?

Either way I will sit for the NY bar exam, and should have the requisite months of experience needed for the QLTT prior to relocation.
(edited 7 years ago)
Original post by Golden436
Many thanks Sir/Madam for your insight! Yes, my school like most other US law schools grades on a curve. I was hoping my prior and post-grad work experience, coupled with my NY or CA bar admission would help mitigate the GPA. I didn't think my undergraduate 2:1 would have helped, but I'm happy to hear that admission committees may be interested in that, too.

Would you say I still have a shot at UCL or KCL? What about LSE and QMUL? I am looking to get into the best program for banking/finance/competition/international trade law. Not exactly sure which focus it will be yet. I believe the current reputation amongst the 4 are UCL-->LSE--->KCL--->QMUL. Would you say that's a fair assessment?

In addition, are you currently practicing in the UK with your US LLM? How has your experiences been? Please feel free to reach out by private message as well!


I think both your experience and undergrad GPA would be influential. I assume they ask for a personal statement? So you can big your experience up there too.

If you PM me I can tell you more about my experience post-LLM, I am on my phone at the moment and can't find the PM!
Reply 7
Original post by J-SP
Yes - although I'm confused as to whether your experience is as a qualified lawyer. If not, then it may not be the case.

Neither are needed if you are doing the QLTT. I wouldn't see the benefit of either course if you have a JD.

The QLTT might not exist in the not too distant future though.


All of the experiences listed were/will be done prior to being a qualified lawyer. I sit the NY bar in July.

With regards to your second point, it appears UK qualifications trump (no pun intended) JD qualifications internationally. At least for most common law jurisdictions, UK qualifications opens more doors (for example, in offshore law firms and the Caribbean, UK qualifications alone and/or combined with PQE are welcomed).

The UK LLM and QLTS (or what ever transfer option is in place by the time I sit examination) will hopefully help open those doors for me. Networking during my program is also my plan.

We live in a transnational world. I just want to make certain that if I decide to move or live internationally, I have the qualifications in place.
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 8
Original post by J-SP
Were you a paralegal or working in another business function? 6 years of non qualified work means a training contract might actually be better for you, but really depends on which route you choose to take GDL + LPC + TC or QLTS. The only issue with the latter is if you are aiming for NQ roles in the U.K. You might struggle as you do not have the equivalent 2 years experience NQ lawyers in the U.K. have. But it sounds like you haven't got aspirations to work in the U.K., just gain the qualification, so this might not be an issue.

I don't know enough about other jurisdictions, but the GDL will be worthless on its own. There's no point doing it unless you go on to do the LPC and then a training contract. If you are going to take the QLTS to become an English qualified lawyer, then the GDL will not be worth the paper it's written on.


Thank you.

I worked 6 years as a paralegal (both at a large firm and in-house bank counsel). Would my post-graduate experience in the US not count as 2 years experience? I will be working from August of this year. Must my experience be limited to UK shores?
(edited 7 years ago)
Original post by Golden436
Do you think I will be considered overqualified for a TC?
No, at a lot of firms the average age of trainees has been increasing. You get a few people fresh out of uni+GDL+LPC but you also get people with a few years work experience.

Original post by Golden436
With regards to your second point, it appears UK qualifications trump (no pun intended) JD qualifications internationally. At least for most common law jurisdictions, UK qualifications opens more doors (for example, in offshore law firms and the Caribbean, UK qualifications alone and/or combined with PQE are welcomed).

It is the experience more than the qualification that matters once you are a few years into your career. I imagine that most of the work in the Caribbean/offshore will involve investment funds work and private client work, perhaps with a bit of general corporate/finance/litigation.

If you have a few years experience in those areas, happy days. But if you decide to become (for example) a real estate lawyer, employment lawyer, competition lawyer, commercial lawyer, start-up supreemo, securitisation specialist etc. etc. then moving to those countries is going to be a lot more difficult regardless of what qualification you have.
Reply 10
Original post by jacketpotato
No, at a lot of firms the average age of trainees has been increasing. You get a few people fresh out of uni+GDL+LPC but you also get people with a few years work experience.


This is good to know, though I fear international applicants have a far more difficult time securing a TC. I've reached out to BPP Law School to specifically inquire on the percentage of their international students that secured TCs and they have been silent. That speaks volumes. Great for the sales pitch but can't back it up with hard numbers, at least for their international students.


Original post by jacketpotato
It is the experience more than the qualification that matters once you are a few years into your career. I imagine that most of the work in the Caribbean/offshore will involve investment funds work and private client work, perhaps with a bit of general corporate/finance/litigation.


Yes, and apparently tax, too.

Original post by jacketpotato
If you have a few years experience in those areas, happy days. But if you decide to become (for example) a real estate lawyer, employment lawyer, competition lawyer, commercial lawyer, start-up supreemo, securitisation specialist etc. etc. then moving to those countries is going to be a lot more difficult regardless of what qualification you have.


True, though there are a few more specialties that have apparently become a need in the region and a lack of attorneys with such experience/qualifications.

Thanks so much for your insight! I have a lot to consider before I make the jump.
Reply 11
Does anyone know if qualifying as a lawyer in NY disqualifies me from being considered a non-law graduate for GDL/LPC sponsorship?

So long as I am not a registered solicitor in England and Wales I can still potentially go the GDL route and obtain a TC, correct?
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 12
Original post by J-SP
It doesn't automatically disqualify you, but any recruiter would wonder why you were putting yourself through 2 years of further qualifications (and probably the best part of £30k worth of fees) when you could take the QLTS and do the equivalent of a TC as a "legal assistant" (this is what some firms do with qualified lawyers from other jurisdictions). There just doesn't seem any sense in taking the GDL + LPC + Training contract route when you can bypass either part of (GDL + LPC) or even all of it if you have relevant work experience.


It wouldn't matter any if the fees are all paid. I also note a number of firms that provide Tier 2 sponsorship for international applicants, including the firm I worked at for 4 years.

But in all honestly, I want something other than my JD to assess my legal qualifications. My grades suck that much. Of course, that just adds additional pressure to do well on the GDL, but my first goal is to gain bar passage in New York.

I have never heard of "legal assistant" roles but highly doubt I would qualify for them with my 2:2, especially if not all too many firms offer such roles. If they do, I suspect the competition will be fierce given the number of QLTS qualified attorneys from various jurisdictions with various language skills. I suspect there won't be too many NY qualified attorneys on the GDL program, though it appears a number of international law graduates sign up for it. BPP specifically mentions that the GDL is also open to "overseas law graduates".

BPP Law School is about ready to sign me up, but I am due to speak to an administrator about their specific stats on placing their international applicants in TCs.
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 13
Can anyone please clarify the difference between "non-law students and graduates" and "law students" ?

Is the latter LLB students and the former GDL? What's the difference between "non-law student" and "non-law graduates"? Are there applicants who take time off between their GDL and LPC to apply for a TC, and are therefore categorized as "non-law graduates"?

If I enroll in the GDL, would I be considered a "non-law student" or a "law student" (given my JD qualifications)?

I simply ask as some firms list different TC application deadlines for each category.
Reply 14
Original post by J-SP
Ok that's even worse - why would a firm put you through what is close to £45k worth of training (fees + maintenance fees) when they can just ask you to go through the QLTS which will be far cheaper and quicker!?!

The "legal assistant" role is a TC - it is just for those who can't technically be called a trainee where they are qualified in another jurisdiction.

Your 2.2 will be as much as a blocker for a TC as it will be for a "legal assistant" role. If your grades suck, they will still suck when you come round to applying. Few firms will be interested as 1) you have poor grades and they will typically look for a 2.1 (GPA is usually around the 3.3-3.4 mark), 2) it will be more difficult for them to prove they could have recruited someone of the same standard as you from within the UK/EU if your grades suck (your words not mine), and if they have on any of their marketing materials that you need a strong academic background (pretty much any firm that can sponsor you for a Tier 2 visa will say that).

The GDL and LPC will not prove your academic ability - most firms sponsoring a work permit will want to see strong grades throughout, and are more likely to focus on your undergrad and JD grades than the GDL/LPC. Plus you are suggesting the firm would sponsor you before you had done either course, so they would only be able to go on your previous qualifications.

Of course BPP will sign you up - the course could be redundant in less than 6 months time and they need to try and ensure they are getting enough money coming in while they can.


Well, there is only one way to find out, isn't there? No harm in applying. I highly doubt there will be UK/EU nationals also applying for TCs with NY and CA bar memberships. At least those are my goals come this year - I sit in July 2017 and February 2018, respectively. I'll be sure to update this thread to help other American JDs considering similar career options.

Additionally, despite my poor JD grades, there are many who obtain TCs with just undergraduate grades. Of course, most firms require 2:1 undergrad degrees and a GDL with either a pass or commendation. If I can offset my JD grades with that of my GDL, I believe I stand a fair chance. My undergraduate GPA is a solid 2:1, separate from my 6 years work experience pre-law school, vacation schemes throughout law school, and what will be 2 years post-grad experience leading up to GDL or LLM.

And of course, there is always the importance of networking. I've worked with several UK trainee solicitors during their secondments in the New York office, and note that one New York associate is now a partner in the London office of a MC firm. I'll be sure to reach out to him with queries.

Thank you for your insight.
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 15
Original post by J-SP
There isn't a straight answer on this. Vast majority of firms will consider you a non lawyer if you have to do the GDL.


I figured that much but wanted to confirm.


Original post by J-SP
However I worked for one firm where they would have considered you a law graduate based on your qualifications.


Some other firms have other quirks though that mean it isn't a standardised policy.


Anecdotes are just that...anecdotes.

I look forward to exploring the quirks of the UK legal market.
I wouldn't be so quick to dismiss what JSP has said. He's worked in legal recruitment and has direct experience of the market you are trying to enter.

I think you're seriously underestimating the challenges you face in obtaining a TC. I wonder whether or not you have adequately researched the competition and looked at statistics. Good grades on the GDL and LPC will not offset a 2:2. Firms aren't overly concerned what performance on these courses are like, as long as you pass. The undergraduate degree is another matter and many firms stipulate 2:1s as a minimum. And realistically one of the only ways I can see a 2:2 be offset is through compelling mitigating circumstances, such as chronic illness. A good postgrad and extensive experience (perhaps a few years paralegalling etc) might make up for your below average grades.

Also, I suspect you may struggle to get on an LLM at LSE and UCL.
(edited 7 years ago)
Reply 17
Original post by J-SP
There's no harm - but I'm just trying to manage your expectations having seen these processes from the inside.

Low academics + needing a work permit will make the process far more difficult. Unless firms advertise that they are looking for dual qualified lawyers, the NYB will not balance out a poor performance in your JD, particularly from a work permit perspective.

The undergrads are not just applying with their grades - they are applying with a while CV/application form. I wouldn't under estimate how strong those applications are.

Firms don't get that caught up in GDL/LPC grades. Some ask for a commendation as a minimum but many don't really put weight on them and will look at your degree results far more closely.



Posted from TSR Mobile


If firms don't get that caught up in GDL grades then why is this board populated with GDL law students freaking out because they failed modules or did not obtain commendation?

At the end of the day GDL grades are what separate the pack amongst non-law graduates, and I base this from perusing the sites and sales pitch of UK law firms. Most everyone would have obtained 2:1s and firsts in their undergraduate (myself included), but I figure law firms use GDL as a metric to determine who stays and who goes.

I understand I would likely have the most success of landing a TC via an American-based law firm. If that fails, well, then, there is always the LLM.

Then, of course, there is work experience. I am not trying to turn my nose up on those GDL applicants without NY/CA bar passage, but separate from my work experiences, this will likely be one differentiation that may work in my favor. That, and an Ivy law degree. Yes, I said it. Hiring committees see "Yale" or "Harvard" and you immediately command attention. I wiggled my way into interviews on the sole basis of the pedigree of where I obtained my law degree.

Last point, I promise: the opportunities I have on my resume with my 2.8/2:2 are experiences many would be surprised I obtained. We always here about the importance of grades and rank, but forget the importance of simple people skills, networking, and recommendations. The latter has gotten me this far, and I'm not going to count myself out on the basis of my grades alone. The worse that can happen is a rejection mail or email saying "thanks, but no thanks". Their loss, and move on we must.

That's been my approach to life, and it will continue to be my approach while I navigate the legal market on your shores.
Reply 18
Original post by J-SP
I'm trying to help you, there's no reason to be all curt of a sudden. I know these systems well, so although they might be anecdotes, they are those where I've recruited enough people across enough firms to know the challenges of recruiting someone with the type of background you are suggesting.


I apologize for being "cheeky" (is this the correct phrase? Please forgive this "Yank" if it is not), and understand you're trying to be helpful, and, indeed, you've been of great help!

I'll give it a go, and see where I fall. I will apply to both LLM and TCs/Legal Assistant roles, and see where it goes. :wink:
Original post by Golden436
If firms don't get that caught up in GDL grades then why is this board populated with GDL law students freaking out because they failed modules or did not obtain commendation?


Students need to pass all GDL modules in order to even qualify as a solicitor. This is required by the SRA. Some firms want commendations but this rare, and generally a commendation on the GDL is fairly easy to obtain.

Original post by Golden436
At the end of the day GDL grades are what separate the pack amongst non-law graduates, and I base this from perusing the sites and sales pitch of UK law firms. Most everyone would have obtained 2:1s and firsts in their undergraduate (myself included), but I figure law firms use GDL as a metric to determine who stays and who goes.


Many students who obtain training contracts do so in their penultinate year or final year of the undergrad degree (whether that's law or non-law). So the GDL is not used to separate candidates.

Original post by Golden436
That, and an Ivy law degree. Yes, I said it. Hiring committees see "Yale" or "Harvard" and you immediately command attention. I wiggled my way into interviews on the sole basis of the pedigree of where I obtained my law degree.


Firms in London recruit from a variety of universities. A 2:2 from Oxford or Cambridge doesn't meet the minimum requirements and those applicants are not given special treatment because of their university. They are unlikely to even reach the interview stage. So I'm not sure why you think a 2:2 from an Ivy League would be seen favourably. The system here is different, and firms won't give you special treatment just because you are an Ivy League grad. Firms are less impressed by your alma matter and more focussed on your grade (and other things outside of that). Although getting a 2:1 or first from Oxbridge certainly helps.

Original post by Golden436
We always here about the importance of grades and rank, but forget the importance of simple people skills, networking, and recommendations. The latter has gotten me this far, and I'm not going to count myself out on the basis of my grades alone.


Almost every student applying for a TC realises that grades are merely a prequisite. It's not the decisive factor. Firms hammer on to students throughout law school how they need extra-curriculars, commercial awareness and social skills. So you are certainly not unique in your thinking. Most students are very aware of the non-academic requirements and skills which firms look for.

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