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4.4.2.6 Strong and weak acids (HT only)
Content Key opportunities for
skills development
A strong acid is completely ionised in aqueous solution. Examples
of strong acids are hydrochloric, nitric and sulfuric acids.
A weak acid is only partially ionised in aqueous solution. Examples
of weak acids are ethanoic, citric and carbonic acids.
For a given concentration of aqueous solutions, the stronger an
acid, the lower the pH.
As the pH decreases by one unit, the hydrogen ion concentration of
the solution increases by a factor of 10.
Students should be able to:
• use and explain the terms dilute and concentrated (in terms of
amount of substance), and weak and strong (in terms of the
degree of ionisation) in relation to acids