Correct. It is verse 5:33 that does that. (And for "traitors", read "opponents")
Except it does not say that at all. It simply says that the polytheists who do not submit to Islam or go into exile can be hunted down and killed. The Quran actually says that after four months, Allah and Muhammad are no longer bound by any treaties they have with the polytheists.
What exactly are these polytheists supposed to have done. I often hear this accusation of "treachary" and "treaty breaking" in regards to 9:5, but no one can ever explain what it involved. Certainly, if you read Ibn Kathir, Ibn Ishaq, Mubarakpuri or Lings, there is no mention of anything other than refusing to submit to Islam, and specifically, a desire to continue their pagan religious rituals during hajj to Mecca (something that the polytheists had been doing for centuries).
I seriously recommend reading some proper histories rather than just dawahganda websites and YouTube videos. If you want a genuine academic overview, Marshall Hodgson's mammoth work is pretty comprehensive.
https://ia801003.us.archive.org/6/items/TheVentureOfIslamClasicalAgeVol1MarshallHodgson/The_Venture_of_Islam_Clasical_Age_Vol-1_Marshall-Hodgson.pdf