I think loads of people have this problem every year, and ultimately it's about making a sacrifice, on one side or the other. I am just advising cos I've been on both sides of this: I had a boyfriend who went to uni while I was still at school, and we decided to break up before he went, and also when I started uni my boyfriend and I were going to break up but we ended up staying together for a while.
If you stay together then yes, it could work. You don't have to be obsessive about it, just make time to talk to him regularly and don't keep contacting him in between that. Agree to meet a minimum number of times each term and stick to it, as when you know how long you have to wait to see him it makes things a lot easier. Make sure you're realistic though - your relationship will be different to how it was, there's no avoiding that. Your meetings will be infrequent and only talking on the phone for long periods of time is really tough, you have to be strong to get through it. Also, depending on how often you decide to meet up, you will lose out on the social front because of it. At university, especially at the beginning, everything goes so fast. You meet hundreds of people in the space of weeks and having to miss weekends to see a boyfriend will almost certainly prevent you participating as much in university life. It is a bubble to a certain extent, especially for freshers, and breaking the bubble can be hard. I should imagine it will be even tougher on your boyfriend, who will be the one left at home and will probably find it hard to understand the pressures of your new life, having not experienced it himself. But as I said, if you make sure he meets your friends, feels secure and that you don't see him too often, your relationship could adjust and work out. University holidays are very long as well so there won't be too much time spent apart.
However, it is a sad fact that in the vast majority of cases like yours the couple will end up breaking up, either sooner or later. My most recent ex and I wanted to end it before starting university, but we just couldn't. It lasted the first time but our relationship was so pressurised and we argued so much more when we weren't with each other that it ended. We were realistic: we don't want to get married yet, we will be hundreds of miles apart for the next 3 years, we have a lot of life experience to gain yet and we'd be more productive in doing that if we were single. While I hope we get back together for good one day you can see the logic in breaking up.
Basically, if it's true love it can last, but if it's true love surely it can wait?