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Biology AQA AS Unit 1 June 2014

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Reply 580

The_Blade

Original post by Jaydude

Anyone please? thanks!

you sure you referring to jan 13

Reply 581

talkbiology

Original post by Kingnig

no no no don't say produce, say release otherwise you're asking to be marked down!

You're allowed to say "produce ATP" as that does happen you just can't say "produce energy" which goes against the 1st law of thermodynamics :P

Reply 582

ai7r

Why does and increase in concentration of cholesterol in the blood increase the risk of CHD?

Reply 583

The_Blade

Original post by talkbiology

You're allowed to say "produce ATP" as that does happen you just can't say "produce energy" which goes against the 1st law of thermodynamics :P

this. either say produce atp or release energy

Reply 584

Nick214

Original post by ai7r

Why does and increase in concentration of cholesterol in the blood increase the risk of CHD?

Increase in cholesterol causes an increased chance of atheroma development (as atheromas consist of cholesterol, fatty acids etc).

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Reply 585

theslowbaker

Original post by Chellz

Predicted topics

For 6 marker questions

Likely repeated questions:

TB- last appeared in Jan 11
Explaining how a vaccine protects people last appeared in Jan 12
Exchange of oxygen between air in the alveoli and blood capillaries last appeared in Jun 10
Describing how substances move across a cell surface membrane last appeared in Jun 10
A different question on emphysema instead of the one in Jan 11
Oral rehydration last appeared in Jan 12

Likely new questions for 6 marks

Describe the structure of starch and explain how it's structure is related to its function as a storage molecule
Describe what happens when a protein is denatured. Explain how this affects enzymes and transport proteins in plasma membranes
Explain how red blood cells are adapted to their function of transporting oxygen - with reference to shape and structure
Using your knowledge of protein structure to explain why enzymes are specific and maybe affected by non-competitive inhibitors
Describing the difference in composition of gases in inhaled air and exhaled air and explain how these differences are caused
Explain how blood in the vein in the leg is returned to the heart
EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF USING A TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE TO STUDY CELLS OR JUST SEM INSTEAD OF TEM
Explain how the structures of the stomach wall and ileum wall are related to the functions of these organs
Describe the parts played in breathing by the medulla and the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Btw these are all from papers from 2008-2005

My own:

Describe the structure of a bacterium e.g plasmid, capsules
HAMOGENISTION AND CELL FRACTION
Draw a basic picture of the human heart and label it
Describe the structure of cellulose and how it's related to its function
Describe what thrombosis is and how it leads to a blockage of the coronary artery
Describe what fibrosis is and how it effects gas exchange
<---- maybe for 3-4 marks
Symptoms of Asthma
Describe the role of the alveoli in gas exchange
implications of vaccines ethical stuff

Hope this helps :smile:

what will the aneurysm mark scheme points will be.

Reply 586

Jaydude

Original post by The_Blade

you sure you referring to jan 13

yes, question 4

Reply 587

Banham

if anyone can be bothered to do a summary of specific immunity including like how it can be used to give vaccines and all the rest please reply we only finished biology last week cos my teacher was awful and we skipped passed loads on detail ?

Cheers

Reply 588

The_Blade

Original post by Jaydude

yes, question 4

there is no X

Reply 589

talkbiology

Original post by ai7r

Why does and increase in concentration of cholesterol in the blood increase the risk of CHD?

•

Cholesterol deposited by LDLs builds up under endothelium of coronary artery, forming atheroma (fatty material in arterial wall)

•

Restricts blood flow through coronary artery, restricting supply of oxygen and glucose to heart muscle tissue

•

Heart muscle tissue cannot respire (to release energy for contraction) so it dies (myocardial infarction)

•

The atheroma may lead to a thrombus or aneurysm ^.^

Reply 590

anonymousecheese

increases chance of atheroma forming (build up of fatty material, LDL's and cholesterol under lining of arteries)
If atheroma formed in coronary arteries, it will block/ reduce blood flow to the heart- higher risk of aneurysm and thrombus
Reduced blood flow to heart means that the hear will be deprived of glucose and oxygen which it needs for respiration
If the heart cant respire it will die- myocardial infarction

Reply 591

liass

In order to put the mitochondria argument at rest, here is the mark scheme:

Screen Shot 2014-05-20 at 19.42.26.png

So you can say mitochondria produce ATP, but not make energy

Reply 592

Jaydude

Original post by The_Blade

there is no X

LoL, sorry about confusing you, I just mean X can be the Gut or the Small Intestine. But in the 2013 jan markscheme only gut was mentioned, so in the future do i only mention the GUT?

Hopes thats clear :smile:

Reply 593

snikutsmullac

Everybody does biology, I'm the only one that does Human Biology :frown:

No help for me.

Reply 594

skizzle

What are the ethical points to consider for vaccinations/drug testing etc?

Reply 595

Aardvark1998

Original post by jack97

no, mitochondria produce the energy carrier molecule ATP

Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, involving glycolysis (conversion of glucose to pyruvate), the link reaction (converts pyruvate to acetylcoA) and finally the krebs cycle (series of oxidation-reduction reactions to reduce coenzymes and produce ATP).

The OP asked 'do mitochondria produce ATP for aerobic respiration', the answer to which is no.

What are you getting at here?

Reply 596

Pumuki63

Original post by skizzle

What are the ethical points to consider for vaccinations/drug testing etc?

May have side effects and when drug testing there should be a control group, so at least one of the group's health might be put at risk. Hope this helps :smile:

Reply 597

skizzle

Original post by Chellz

Predicted topics

For 6 marker questions

Likely repeated questions:

TB- last appeared in Jan 11
Explaining how a vaccine protects people last appeared in Jan 12
Exchange of oxygen between air in the alveoli and blood capillaries last appeared in Jun 10
Describing how substances move across a cell surface membrane last appeared in Jun 10
A different question on emphysema instead of the one in Jan 11
Oral rehydration last appeared in Jan 12

Likely new questions for 6 marks

Describe the structure of starch and explain how it's structure is related to its function as a storage molecule
Describe what happens when a protein is denatured. Explain how this affects enzymes and transport proteins in plasma membranes
Explain how red blood cells are adapted to their function of transporting oxygen - with reference to shape and structure
Using your knowledge of protein structure to explain why enzymes are specific and maybe affected by non-competitive inhibitors
Describing the difference in composition of gases in inhaled air and exhaled air and explain how these differences are caused
Explain how blood in the vein in the leg is returned to the heart
EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF USING A TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE TO STUDY CELLS OR JUST SEM INSTEAD OF TEM
Explain how the structures of the stomach wall and ileum wall are related to the functions of these organs
Describe the parts played in breathing by the medulla and the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Btw these are all from papers from 2008-2005

My own:

Describe the structure of a bacterium e.g plasmid, capsules
HAMOGENISTION AND CELL FRACTION
Draw a basic picture of the human heart and label it
Describe the structure of cellulose and how it's related to its function
Describe what thrombosis is and how it leads to a blockage of the coronary artery
Describe what fibrosis is and how it effects gas exchange
Aneurysm <---- maybe for 3-4 marks
Symptoms of Asthma
Describe the role of the alveoli in gas exchange
implications of vaccines ethical stuff

Hope this helps :smile:

What would you say for:

Explain how blood in the vein in the leg is returned to the heart
and
Describe the structure of starch and explain how it's structure is related to its function as a storage molecule?

Reply 598

The_Blade

Original post by Jaydude

from experience they'll accept gut, lumen, small intestine

Reply 599

AndyChow

Original post by _soph_

Sorry, meant 5 (d) (iii), the mark scheme says:

Enzyme/second antibody would remain / is removed by
washing;

Enzyme can react with substrate (when no antigen is present);

But i don't understand? What is the point in the enzyme? And what is the substrate that it reacts with?

The second antibody with enzyme will attach to the antigen. Washing removes those which are not bound to the antigen. If unwashed then the second antibody will always remain in the beaker therefore always give a positive result.

the substrate is there to identify the presence of the enzyme. Normally the products from the substrate will give a colour indication. So if the solution containing the substrate changes colour it implies the enzymes are presents which implies the second antibody is present which finally implies the antigen is present.