Physics P1 Core Science Exam - AQA - 12th June 2014 - Revision Thread

Some of us will be sitting the last of our science exams tomorrow and I thought I would make this thread to help revise.
I did this with the chemistry exam before. The first person asks a physics higher question and then the next person answers it and writes a new question and so on...
I'll start

My question:
What does the observation of red-shift suggest is happening to the Universe?



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Think:

What does red shift mean in relation to distant galaxies?

Is that shift the same wherever it's measured?

What does the red shift tell us about the size of the observable universe in the future?

Need help on this question: Describe the different amounts of energy in solids, liquids and gases

1) it tells us how far the galaxies have moved, and how fast they are moving away from us

2) Nope

3), it will be much larger if it continues to expand

.....also my physics teacher said something about the universe collapsing in on its self because it gets so big, is this true??

Your turn........


1) describe how carbon capture would prevent the build up of co2 in thethe atmosphere 2 marks

2) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using energy from nuclear fuels that using energy from the wind

3) What is the difference between convection and conduction? ONLY TALK ABOUT WHAT THEY WORK THROUGH- I.E One is gases etc..


4) What is the difference between convection conduction and infrared radiation- only talk about how they pass the heat etc.


5) electric companies try to encourage people to buy electricity at night and early in the morning why do they do this??


6)Name the order of the electromagnetic spectrum


7) true or false- electromagnetic waves can travel though a vacuum ?

8) How does pumped storage work ??


Enjoy !!!

1) describe how carbon capture would prevent the build up of co2 in thethe atmosphere 2 marks
The carbon dioxide is removed from waste gases and stored underground in oil fields or gas fields. These can be found in the North Sea.

2) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using energy from nuclear fuels that using energy from the wind
Advantages of nuclear fuels:
-Energy is reliable and can be produced constantly
-More energy can be produced in a given time
-No pollutant gases reduced
Disadvantages of nuclear fuels:
-Radioactivity can be released and is hazardous to health
-The location of nuclear power stations must be considered. They're usually near the coast.
-Expensive to build
-Non-renewable resource

Advantages of wind energy:
-Renewable resource
-No fuel costs
-No pollutant gases (excluding when the turbines are built)
Disadvantages of wind energy:
-Unreliable. Wind strength differs.
-Initial cost of the turbine
-Noise pollution
-Visual pollution

3) What is the difference between convection and conduction? ONLY TALK ABOUT WHAT THEY WORK THROUGH- I.E One is gases etc..
Convection can occur in liquids and gases. Conduction occurs in solids - metals in particular as they are good conductors. Both require particles to happen.


4) What is the difference between convection conduction and infrared radiation- only talk about how they pass the heat etc.
Conduction: Particles gain energy and vibrate faster. This causes more collisions and the energy is passed along the 'material'. This passes along the heat.
Convection: (example in water) The water particles are heated. They gain energy and vibrate faster. This causes the hotter water to become less dense and rise. When it gets further from the heat source it cools and becomes more dense, causing it to sink back to the heat source.
Infrared radiation: Doesn't require particles. All objects emit and absorb it. (that's all I know? help please)
That's really it just matt black is best emitter and absorber of this

5) electric companies try to encourage people to buy electricity at night and early in the morning why do they do this??

This is when there is less demand for electricity and so it is cheaper. (that's all I know? help please) yes that's correct normally it would be wasted as people don't uy it even though nuclear power stations are always on .. etc

6)Name the order of the electromagnetic spectrum
Lowest to highest frequency:
Radiowave
Microwave
Infrared
Visible Light
Ultraviolet
X-ray
Gamma


7) true or false- electromagnetic waves can travel though a vacuum ?
True

8) How does pumped storage work ??
I'm not sure, help please?

Can someone please explain the process of conduction in metals? andd explain the process of convection? ;')

Hi Aaliyahxo
Conduction in metals: heat is applied to part of the metal, the particles (ions) vibrate around a fixed position as they gain energy from the heating, as they gain enough energy, they vibrate even more than previously and enough to bang or "touch" neighbours as they vibrate with higher energy, and in turn, neighbouring ions start to vibrate as they gain energy passed on from previous ions in the structure, and so many ions in the metal gain heat energy and vibrate rapidly and the heat is conducted through the metal. The additional feature of delocalised electrons is that they are free to move, and when heat is applied they begin to move rapidly along the metallic structure, and pass on heat energy to ions as they move along which provides ions with energy helping speed up the process of conduction (which is why metals are such good conductors) I hope this helps with your first question.
Convection occurs in fluids. As heat is applied to a fluid, it gains heat energy, and so as it gets hotter the fluid itself beings to expands, becomes less dense, which means it is lighter than the surroundings, and beings to move upwards and this means the heated part of the fluid moves upwards, as it reaches the cooler part of the fluid at the top of the fluid, the heated fluid looses heat energy, contracts (particles become closer together, more dense as they loose heat energy), and therefore become more dense, heavier, and start to fall, they then fall to the bottom and get reheated by the source and so the process starts again. Fluids = usually liquids and gases. I hope this helps with your questions and please correct me if I have gone wrong with this, Thanks