The Student Room Group

Reply 1

khaixiang


For 1(ii), surely g(x) can be expanded as a power series with different initial point other than 0 to give "a series of non-negative powers of x"?
I think the intent is that (x-a)^n is not a power of x, it's a power of (x-a).

Also, xg(x) can't be expanded as a power series with 0 as initial point, so what are they talking/asking about and what am I missing here? Thanks
Why not? Look at it as xsinhx1cosh2x\frac{x}{sinh x} \frac{1}{cosh 2x}.

Reply 2

Perhaps you can evaluate it as a 0/0 limit that doesn't explode somehow?

[edit] Oh, too slow.
Hehe... :frown:

[edit again] I'll pretend to be contributing to the thread.
As x tends to 0, sinh(x), in its expansion form, tends to ½({1+x...}-{1-x...}) = x...
So x/sinh(x) --> 1?

Reply 3

khaixiang
Also, xg(x) can't be expanded as a power series with 0 as initial point, so what are they talking/asking about and what am I missing here? Thanks

Why can't it? (Sorry for me being dumb but I don't see any division by zero or anything...) I've obviously forgotten all about power series despite I had the exam a week ago:/ Time passes by too quickly...

edit: well, should press refresh:biggrin:

Reply 4

ok, thanks all for the replies,

I realise that if h(x)=xg(x) then h(0) tends to 1, but how about h'(0), h''(0)? I don't see any easy ways to compute g'(x), g''(x) and so on, I must have missed something. Maple says the expansion is not possible with 0 as initial point, but Maple had given me wrong answers before, so..

Reply 5

khaixiang
ok, thanks all for the replies,

I realise that if h(x)=xg(x) then h(0) tends to 1, but how about h'(0), h''(0)? I don't see any easy ways to compute g'(x), g''(x) and so on, I must have missed something. Maple says the expansion is not possible with 0 as initial point, but Maple had given me wrong answers before, so..
I think I'd just do it as power series (for the xsinhx\frac{x}{\sinh x} bit at any rate).

(i.e. sinhxx=1+x2/6+x4/120\frac{\sinh x}{x} = 1 + x^2/6+x^4/120. so xsinhx=(1+(x2/6+x4/120))1\frac{x}{\sinh x} = (1+(x^2/6+x^4/120))^{-1}

=1(x2/6+x4/120)+(x2/6+x4/120)2 = 1 - (x^2/6+x^4/120) + (x^2/6+x^4/120)^2

=1x2/6+x4(1/120+1/36)= 1 - x^2/6 +x^4(1/120+1/36)).

(I haven't checked the algebra, or even what the power series for sinh x is, but you get the idea...)

Reply 6

DFranklin
I think I'd just do it as power series (for the xsinhx\frac{x}{\sinh x} bit at any rate).

(i.e. sinhxx=1+x2/6+x4/120\frac{\sinh x}{x} = 1 + x^2/6+x^4/120. so xsinhx=(1+(x2/6+x4/120))1\frac{x}{\sinh x} = (1+(x^2/6+x^4/120))^{-1}

=1(x2/6+x4/120)+(x2/6+x4/120)2 = 1 - (x^2/6+x^4/120) + (x^2/6+x^4/120)^2

=1x2/6+x4(1/120+1/36)= 1 - x^2/6 +x^4(1/120+1/36)).

(I haven't checked the algebra, or even what the power series for sinh x is, but you get the idea...)


Thanks! :biggrin: Got it now.