Meanders form in the lower and middle course of a river, as a result of lateral (sideways) erosion. The helical flow of the river leads to erosion in the outer bends and deposition in the inner bends. This process narrows the meander neck. Over time, often during a flood, water cuts through the narrowed neck to form a straight channel. Deposition on the banks of the channel causes the meander to be cut off, and form an oxbow lake.