AQA Biology 5 - 23rd June 2015 - Essay: Predictions & Past Essays

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I thought a thread like this might help for the unit 5 essay coming. Post your predictions, and I will update this post. I'll also add previous essays later.

It'd be really helpful if, with your predictions, you include topics that could be written about it.

Previous Essays (Current Spec)
June 2010

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Carbon dioxide may affect organisms directly or indirectly. Describe and explain these effects.

Pulmonary ventilation and the mechanism of breathing
Light-independent reaction of photosynthesis. Limiting factors
Role of chemoreceptors in controlling heart rate
Respiration, photosynthesis and human activity giving rise to short-term fluctuations and long-term change.
Yield of crop plants
Carbon cycle
Role of carbon dioxide in producing global warming;
Life cycles and number of insect pests;
Distribution of animals and plants;
Effect of temperature on enzymes;

The causes of disease in humans

Pathogens include bacteria, viruses and fungi
Pathogens cause disease by damaging cells and producing toxins
Cholera bacteria produce toxins resulting in diarrhoea
Symptoms and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis
Horizontal gene transmission and MRSA

June 2011

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Using DNA in science and technology

Structure of DNA
Differences in DNA lead to genetic diversity
Comparison of DNA base sequences
DNA hybridisation
Plasmids
The use of recombinant DNA to produce transformed organisms that benefit humans
Cell cycle and treatment of cancer
Gene therapy;
Medical diagnosis and the treatment of human disease;
The use of DNA probes to screen patients for clinically important genes;

A cycle is a biological pathway or process in which the end product of one cycle becomes the starting point for the next.Write an essay about cycles in biology.

Nutrient cycles
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Enzyme action
Synthesis of ATP from ADP
Light-independent reaction
The Krebs cycle
The mechanism of breathing
The cardiac cycle
The cell cycle
Muscle contraction
Oestrous cycle

June 2012

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The importance of shapes fitting together in cells and organisms

Enzyme properties and digestion
Protein structure
Plasma membrane structure and cell transport
Antigens, antibodies, B cells and T cells
Vaccines
Structure of DNA
DNA replication (not PCR)
Transcription and translation
Transcriptional factors, oestrogen, siRNA
Restriction enzymes
Haemoglobin
Action potentials & synaptic transmission
Muscle contraction
Control of blood glucose concentration
Control of mammalian oestrous cycle

How bacteria can affect the lives of humans and other organisms

Pathogens
Lactose intolerance
Cholera
Tuberculosis
Resistance to antibiotics
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Eutrophication
Use of bacterial enzymese.g. restriction endonuclease, DNA polymerase for PCR
Use of bacterial plasmidse.g. in vivo gene cloning, genetically-modified crops, gene therapy
Use of bacteria to produce useful chemicals

June 2013

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The membranes ofdifferent types of cells are involved in many different functions

Membrane function asselectively permeable barrier embranes
Transport mechanismsacross membranes
Absorption andco-transport of sodium ions and glucose
Photosynthesis,chloroplast, thylakoids
Respiration,mitochondrion and cristae
Protein secretion,RER, SER and Golgi
A Surfacereceptors/antigen and immune response
Cell division
Vertical andhorizontal transmission – membranes and bacteria
Pacinian corpuscle
Tropisms –movement of IAA
Nerveimpulses/action potentials
Synaptictransmission
Muscle contraction,calcium ion movement/storage
Hormones - eg Bloodglucose regulation – insulin and glucagon
Osmosis, includingwater movement in plants

There are manydifferent types of relationships and interactions between organisms.

Pathogens andeffects on host
Cholera
Taxonomy
Classification andevolution
Inheritance andevolution
Genetic code,universal
Behaviour
Populations andevolution, variation between individuals within a speciesRelationships within ecosystems – eg predator/prey
Energy transfer inecosystems
Nutrient cycles, theorganisms involved
Succession,biodiversity, species and individuals in a community
Human impacts on theenvironment and its effect on relationships between organisms –including farming
Gene technology andGMO and selective breeding
Antibioticresistance

June 2014

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Cells and organismscarry out exchanges with their external environment to maintain theirinternal environment

Homeostasis (conceptof)
Digestion andabsorption
Cells
Lung function
Gas exchange
Passage of waterthrough plant
Nutrient cycles
Response to stimuli
Neurones
Temperature control
Tissue fluid and itsformation
Control of bloodglucose concentration
Negative feedback
Gene expression

How energy istransferred within and between organisms.

Photosynthesis
Energy transferthrough ecosystems
Food production
Digestion (as infuel)
Absorption (bycells)
Mass transport
Respiration
ATP
Stimuli andresponses
Muscle contraction
Nerve impulses

June 2015

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The importance ofresponses to changes in the internal and external environment of anorganism

Transport in and outof cells (of specific substances)
Immune response
Haemoglobin
Transpiration –response to environmental factors – gas exchange in plants
Behaviour
Adaptation andselection
Changes inpopulations – selection pressures
Responses to stimuli– plants and tropisms – control of heart rate
Taxes and kineses
Receptors
Control of HeartRate
Simple reflexes andneurones and synapses
Hormones andresponses
Chemical mediators
Homeostasis –response to changes in internal environment
Feedback
Gene expression aspart of response

The importance tohumans of the control of growth, reproduction and development oforganisms, including themselves.

Pathogens (andinvasion of human tissues)
Antibioticresistance – control of bacterial growth
Cholera
Immune response andvaccination (to control growth of pathogens)
Human influence onbiodiversity
Human populations
Humans and farmingpractices – and selective breeding
Use of fertilisersand pesticides
Succession –control of
Genetics –prediction of inherited conditions
Control of geneexpression – stem cells
Regulation of geneexpression – prevention, treatment and cure of cancer – andmitosis and cancer
Gene cloning andtransfer
Gene therapy

June 2015 Original Paper:

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The importance of proteins in the control of processes and responses in organisms
The causes and importance of variation and diversity in organisms

Just found this really useful resource from AQA, all the essay topics since 2007 with mark schemes attached. Link

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Sarcastic Goats

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To keep the thread tidy, here are some predictions:

These are taken from MrPollock's 2015 predictions video.

Proteins (was on the original 2015 paper but they had to use the R paper instead)
Ions

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1) Co transport of glucose - Na+
2) Na+/K+ in maintaining a resting potential and propagating an action potential across a neurone
3) Ca2+ - synapses
4) Ca2+ - muscle contraction
5) Cl- - maintaining WP in lumen of small intestine (link to cholera)
6) H+ - oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration
7) H+ - buffer system in blood, linked to nervous control of heart rate
8) Mineral ions in plants - lower WP in root hair cell, promote water uptake
9) Nitrate ions, phosphate ions - proteins, DNA
10) Mg2+ - chlorophyll production
11) K+ - cell maintenance
12) Fe2+ - haemoglobin and transport of O2
DNA technology
CO₂
ATP

Predictions from the general thread:

Importance of the movement of molecules in biological systems
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(Original post by Serine Soul)
It's all just basically diffusion and active transport (and osmosis):1) Co-transport of sodium and glucose in small intestines - provide respiratory substrate2) Active transport of minerals into root hair cells and xylem in plants - promote water uptake3) Generally, gas exchange?4) Active transport of Na+/K+ to maintian resting potential in axon of neurone5) Diffusion of Na+/K+ and formation of an action potential and waves of depolarisation6) Active transport of Ca2+ ions into presynaptic neurone upon arrival of action potential7) Active transport of Ca2+ back into sarcoplasmic reticulum after muscle contraction to prevent loss of muscle control8) Diffusion of IAA and other growth factors in plants9) Osmosis, transpiration and cohesion tension theory for mass transport of water in plants
Movement inside cells.

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(Original post by cherrybanana)
- Water movement in plants

(Original post by cherrybanana)
- Chromosome movement
- Neurones and synaptic vesicles
- Actin and myosin
- Movement through ER and Golgi
- Protein synthesis
- Electron transport chains
- Ion movement
The different ways in which living organisms obtain their nutrients.
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(Original post by cherrybanana)
- Gas exchange

(Original post by cherrybanana)
- Carbon cycle
- Nutrient cycles
- Nitrogen cycles
- Photosynthesis makes glucose
- Balanced diets
- Foetus-placenta
- Xylem: water uptake by plants
-Digestion and absorption
CO₂
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(Original post by hopingmedicinae)
-Affects breathing - could describe Biol1 how the body moves to remove Co2
- Carbon Cycle
- Differences in night time and day time
- Climate change- effect on crops, animal species - distribution of animal species
- Light independant reaction
- Co2 and chemoreceptors
-Haemoglobin and Bohr Shift
- Agricultural farming - greenhouse conditions e.g burn propane to form Co2
- limiting factor in CO2
- causes of increase, agriculture, deforestation (getting rid of carbon sinks, photosynthesising biomass)

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Ordo

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charlie2466

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hopingmedicinae

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Good idea for this thread, hey would anyone want to do an essay swap - i need one on the causes and importance of variation and diversity in organisms as that's the one i haven't yet done.

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ELCRE

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(Original post by Sarcastic Goats)
To keep the thread tidy, here are some predictions:

These are taken from MrPollock's 2015 predictions video.

Proteins (was on the original 2015 paper but they had to use the R paper instead)
Ions
DNA technology
CO₂
ATP

Predictions from the general thread:

Importance of the movement of molecules in biological systems

I thought mr pollock had not yet done a predictions video though?

Posted from TSR Mobile

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charlie2466

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(Original post by ELCRE)
I thought mr pollock had not yet done a predictions video though?

Posted from TSR Mobile

He hasn't, these were his predictions for last year

but I suppose they're still likely for this year

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cherrybanana

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(Original post by ELCRE)
I thought mr pollock had not yet done a predictions video though?

Posted from TSR Mobile

These are from last year

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cherrybanana

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Movement inside cells.

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- Water movement in plants
- Chromosome movement
- Neurones and synaptic vesicles
- Actin and myosin
- Movement through ER and Golgi
- Protein synthesis
- Electron transport chains
- Ion movement

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cherrybanana

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The different ways in which living organisms obtain their nutrients.

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- Gas exchange
- Carbon cycle
- Nutrient cycles
- Nitrogen cycles
- Photosynthesis makes glucose
- Balanced diets
- Foetus-placenta
- Xylem: water uptake by plants
-Digestion and absorption

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Serine Soul

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Ions in organisms:

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1) Co transport of glucose - Na+
2) Na+/K+ in maintaining a resting potential and propagating an action potential across a neurone
3) Ca2+ - synapses
4) Ca2+ - muscle contraction
5) Cl- - maintaining WP in lumen of small intestine (link to cholera)
6) H+ - oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration
7) H+ - buffer system in blood, linked to nervous control of heart rate
8) Mineral ions in plants - lower WP in root hair cell, promote water uptake
9) Nitrate ions, phosphate ions - proteins, DNA
10) Mg2+ - chlorophyll production
11) K+ - cell maintenance
12) Fe2+ - haemoglobin and transport of O2

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Serine Soul

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I don't particularly like CO2 being involved in an essay title, there's relatively few topics to talk about

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Sarcastic Goats

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(Original post by Serine Soul)
Ions in organisms:

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1) Co transport of glucose - Na+
2) Na+/K+ in maintaining a resting potential and propagating an action potential across a neurone
3) Ca2+ - synapses
4) Ca2+ - muscle contraction
5) Cl- - maintaining WP in lumen of small intestine (link to cholera)
6) H+ - oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration
7) H+ - buffer system in blood, linked to nervous control of heart rate
8) Mineral ions in plants - lower WP in root hair cell, promote water uptake
9) Nitrate ions, phosphate ions - proteins, DNA
10) Mg2+ - chlorophyll production
11) K+ - cell maintenance
12) Fe2+ - haemoglobin and transport of O2

Added this. I think people expected this to be on the normal paper but since it was leaked I'm guessing we'll get different titles

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Serine Soul

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(Original post by Sarcastic Goats)
Added this. I think people expected this to be on the normal paper but since it was leaked I'm guessing we'll get different titles

I might go up and kiss an invigilator if it does come up on the exam though :')

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hopingmedicinae

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Co2

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-Affects breathing - could describe Biol1 how the body moves to remove Co2
- Carbon Cycle
- Differences in night time and day time
- Climate change- effect on crops, animal species - distribution of animal species
- Light independant reaction
- Co2 and chemoreceptors
-Haemoglobin and Bohr Shift
- Agricultural farming - greenhouse conditions e.g burn propane to form Co2
- limiting factor in CO2
- causes of increase, agriculture, deforestation (getting rid of carbon sinks, photosynthesising biomass)

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12284

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(Original post by hopingmedicinae)
Good idea for this thread, hey would anyone want to do an essay swap - i need one on the causes and importance of variation and diversity in organisms as that's the one i haven't yet done.

i can swap with you! I've done an essay on importance of variation and diversity, which ones have you done that you can swap with me?

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hopingmedicinae

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(Original post by 12284)
i can swap with you! I've done an essay on importance of variation and diversity, which ones have you done that you can swap with me?

I've got importance of shapes fitting together if that works for you

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12284

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(Original post by hopingmedicinae)
I've got importance of shapes fitting together if that works for you

Ok! do you want to PM your email address so we can send each others' essays?

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Kings_queens

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How long should we spend on the essay?

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Kings_queens

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+ how much revision for unit 1 and 2 is everyone gonna do?

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Sarcastic Goats

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(Original post by Kings_queens)
How long should we spend on the essay?

(Original post by Kings_queens)
+ how much revision for unit 1 and 2 is everyone gonna do?

AQA advise no longer than 40 minutes, probably just a quick recap.

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