If you don't want to get the police involved (which is totally the wrong choice in my opinion) then just go to the doctor and say "a year ago I had anal sex and I'm still bleeding now and then, what can I do?". You don't have to specify you were raped if you don't want to. Although tbh because you refuse to go to the police, you're just allowing other people to be potentially raped by him too and go through the same thing you are.