AQA AS Biology paper 1 2018 unofficial markscheme
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Original post by flosiphy
what did she have to control? (2)
-same starting mass of muscle
-muscle form same organism
what did results show and why?
-conc increases, length decreases
-more atp means more phosphate groups and more high energy bonds broken so more hydrolysis
maths tick box
-i got 440 (B)
Last Crohn Disease one about Enzyme:
-not enough bases for complementy base pairing
-so no replication of T cells
-cannot survive for long
-so less Cryokemina (the weird thing) produced
Alveoli gas exchange:
-Thin alevoli epithelieum
-short diffusion pathway
mrna and trna:
-mrna is simple single strand, trna is clover
-mrna has no paired bases, trna does due to h bonds
-mrna has no amino binding site, trna does
-same starting mass of muscle
-muscle form same organism
what did results show and why?
-conc increases, length decreases
-more atp means more phosphate groups and more high energy bonds broken so more hydrolysis
maths tick box
-i got 440 (B)
Last Crohn Disease one about Enzyme:
-not enough bases for complementy base pairing
-so no replication of T cells
-cannot survive for long
-so less Cryokemina (the weird thing) produced
Alveoli gas exchange:
-Thin alevoli epithelieum
-short diffusion pathway
mrna and trna:
-mrna is simple single strand, trna is clover
-mrna has no paired bases, trna does due to h bonds
-mrna has no amino binding site, trna does
I got 330 for the time it takes to replicate?? 16500/50=330
Original post by mahmed69
I got 330 for the time it takes to replicate?? 16500/50=330
no it's 550.
Because:
they told u after 2/3 of the first one is made, the second one is started to be made
Hence 2/3 of the first chain, then work out the time for whole one, and add em up
it said the second one starts after 2/3 of the first starts. so 330 x .666666 = 220 220 330 = 550
Original post by Kingof42ndStreet
I got 660 for the tick box one because it said x base pairs and then nucleotides per second so you had to times it by two
It was 550
the question stated the second starts 2/3 through the first.
So 2/3 of 330 = 220
220 + 330 = 550
Original post by miracleadda
The energy release one:1dm^3= 30500
You convert for cm^3 so multiply by 1,000 Then you divide by 20 to get it for a 0.05cm^3 volume Then you find 40% of that as that is how much is used for contractions= 61,000
You convert for cm^3 so multiply by 1,000 Then you divide by 20 to get it for a 0.05cm^3 volume Then you find 40% of that as that is how much is used for contractions= 61,000
Arrghh! I did all that but found 60% instead 😭
Original post by martinii
1) D E G?
Coronary arteries
* I can't remeber the order of questions *
Cell surface memebrane
Slime capsule
Cell wall
Flagella
Phospholipids
Melanin
Glycogen
Fatty acid
Add ethanol for the lipid to dissolve and shake then transfer to a testube of water and an emulsion should form that is milky and inseparable when shaken
Coronary arteries
* I can't remeber the order of questions *
Cell surface memebrane
Slime capsule
Cell wall
Flagella
Phospholipids
Melanin
Glycogen
Fatty acid
Add ethanol for the lipid to dissolve and shake then transfer to a testube of water and an emulsion should form that is milky and inseparable when shaken
*Glycerol ;p
(edited 5 years ago)
Original post by flosiphy
for Alevoli one:
-across alveoli epithelium
-across alveoli Elastin cell wall
-across capillary endothelium
-simple diffusion as oxygen is non polar
for Water buffer:
-high specific heat capacity
-due to high latent heat of evaporation
-lots of energy needed to break h bonds
-so little energy to change temp of water
for first Cohn Disease one:
-phagocytes attracted to forgein antigen on the surface of bacteria
-macrophage presents on surface
-t cells complementary receptor site binds to antigen so stimulated
-t cell activity increases
-more Crykoemin (that weird toxin thing) released
-so more swelling of artery
Crohn disease why only work for some?
-different strain of bacteria
-immunologically distinct
-antigenic variation changes surface antigen
-across alveoli epithelium
-across alveoli Elastin cell wall
-across capillary endothelium
-simple diffusion as oxygen is non polar
for Water buffer:
-high specific heat capacity
-due to high latent heat of evaporation
-lots of energy needed to break h bonds
-so little energy to change temp of water
for first Cohn Disease one:
-phagocytes attracted to forgein antigen on the surface of bacteria
-macrophage presents on surface
-t cells complementary receptor site binds to antigen so stimulated
-t cell activity increases
-more Crykoemin (that weird toxin thing) released
-so more swelling of artery
Crohn disease why only work for some?
-different strain of bacteria
-immunologically distinct
-antigenic variation changes surface antigen
Oh dear dear i didn't put any of this xD for the last one I put "doesn't kill t cells so t cells can still release cytokines" last question was aweful
(edited 5 years ago)
Original post by Lexib123
Oh dear dear i didn't put any of this xD for the last one I put "doesn't kill t cells so t cells can still release cytokines" last question was aweful
it's okay don't worry!mine are probably not right anyway x
Original post by miracleadda
The energy release one:1dm^3= 30500
You convert for cm^3 so multiply by 1,000 Then you divide by 20 to get it for a 0.05cm^3 volume Then you find 40% of that as that is how much is used for contractions= 61,000
You convert for cm^3 so multiply by 1,000 Then you divide by 20 to get it for a 0.05cm^3 volume Then you find 40% of that as that is how much is used for contractions= 61,000
The concentration was not the same though? It was 8x10^-6 moldm-3. Surely you need to take that into account
i think the substances making up the prokaryotic cell membrane was phospholipis and murein (not melanin).also it was definitely 550!and what about drawing the mitochondria? what did i have to do?and i think that the cure thing for crohns disease only works for some bc it said that crohns disease is only sometimes caused because of that reason (what the cure was for) so obviously it wont always work if the diasease isnt always caused by that. Does this make sense?
Original post by malbod
i think the substances making up the prokaryotic cell membrane was phospholipis and murein (not melanin).also it was definitely 550!and what about drawing the mitochondria? what did i have to do?and i think that the cure thing for crohns disease only works for some bc it said that crohns disease is only sometimes caused because of that reason (what the cure was for) so obviously it wont always work if the diasease isnt always caused by that. Does this make sense?
I said its because not everyone would have the same strains of bacteria
Original post by RickHendricks
I said its because not everyone would have the same strains of bacteria
do you know any other questions that came up in this paper? it would be a great help as im sitting the exam internally at school next week and am struggling?! thanks!
Original post by miss americana
do you know any other questions that came up in this paper? it would be a great help as im sitting the exam internally at school next week and am struggling?! thanks!
Wait, u haven't done the paper yet...?
Original post by RickHendricks
Wait, u haven't done the paper yet...?
no, we are doing it as a practice paper later so any help would be appreciated as i feel overwhelmed right now
Original post by miss americana
no, we are doing it as a practice paper later so any help would be appreciated as i feel overwhelmed right now
Well seems you're trying to get a head start on it
Well anyway:
Heirachy
Lungs
Lung disease
Disease
Cell structure
Blood system
That's about it to be honest. Any suggestions on what will be on paper 2?
It's this the AS paper only?
Do you think that these topics are less likely to come up in the Alevel biology exams or is it gonna be completely independent?
Do you think that these topics are less likely to come up in the Alevel biology exams or is it gonna be completely independent?
Original post by RickHendricks
Well seems you're trying to get a head start on it
Well anyway:
Heirachy
Lungs
Lung disease
Disease
Cell structure
Blood system
That's about it to be honest. Any suggestions on what will be on paper 2?
Well anyway:
Heirachy
Lungs
Lung disease
Disease
Cell structure
Blood system
That's about it to be honest. Any suggestions on what will be on paper 2?
sorry if it seems like that.. its just that im failing and am about to be kicked off my course and am a retake student so i cant afford to. As for predictions i genuinley dont know what is coming up paper 2 but i heard it has more graph questions that paper 1 normally does...
How was the paper for you guys? Was it hard at all?
AQA AS Biology Paper 1 2018 Unofficial Mark scheme – 24th May
*Warning this is an UNOFFICIAL mark scheme, there could be mistakes, it definitely doesn’t include all of the marks available, there will be ‘accept’s and ‘ignore’s in the actual mark scheme*
*It does however include all of the questions with all 75 marks in the correct place*
Aorta – D
Vena Cava – F
Renal Vein - G
1.2) Coronary Artery (1)
1.3) Scientific drawing of mitochondrion (4)
- Use of continuous lines
- No shading
- No sketching
- Use of scale bar/stated magnification
- Label Matrix and Cristae correctly
2.1) What is a monomer? (1)
- Smallest unit, repeating monomers make a polymer (E.G a monosaccharide)
2.2) Lactulose vs Lactose (2)
- Similarity -
- Difference -
2.3) Why can lactulose help constipation sufferers? (2)
- Lactulose lowers water potential of the faeces
- Creates a water potential gradient
- Causes water to move in by osmosis making faeces less dry
2.4) Minimum percentage decrease to bring patients H+ concentration to normal range (2)
- 84.1% (3sf)
3.1) Draw and label a single DNA nucleotide (2)
3.2) Two features of DNA important for semi-conservative replication (2)
-
-
3.3) 550s (1)
4.1) Name the structures (2)
- W = Cell surface membrane (inner-most)
- X = Cell wall (Middle)
- Y = Slime capsule (outer-most)
- Z = Flagellum (Tail)
4.2) Main biological molecule in: (2)
- W = Phospholipids
- X = Meurin
4.3) Binary Fission (1)
4.4) 8.64x105 (2)
5.1) Name the molecules in the boxes (2)
- Box P = Glycerol
- Box Q = Fatty Acid
5.2) Name the type of bond (1)
- Ester Bond
5.3) Test a sample for lipid (2)
- Add ethanol
- Shake
- Add water
- White emulsion = lipid present
6.1) How does figure 5 show a hierarchy? (2)
- Smaller groups within larger groups
- No overlap
6.2) Taxon (1)
- Family
6.3) How are D.Erecta & D.Willistoni different species but closely related? (2)
- Roughly same length sine song at similar frequency
- However, Different amount of pulses in pulse song
6.4) Why did the two females not attempt to mate? (2)
- Noticed had the same song (courtship behaviour)
- Realised both were females
- Knew mating would not be successful
7.1) Proteome (1)
- The full range of proteins a cell is able to produce
7.2) Two structural differences between mRNA and tRNA (2)
- mRNA is longer and straight
- tRNA is shorter and clover shaped
7.3) Translation (ignore transcription) (5)
- mRNA attaches to the ribosome
- tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome
- Translation begins at the start codon on the mRNA strand
- Specific codon on mRNA strand attracts complimentary anticodon on tRNA with specific amino acid
- Two amino acids next to each other, condensation reaction occurs, peptide bond formed, water molecule released.
8.1) Property of water buffering changes in temperature (2)
- High specific heat capacity
- Takes lots of energy to raise the 1KG of water by 1 Degrees Celsius
8.2) Two products of ATP hydrolysis (1)
- ADP
- Inorganic Phosphate
8.3) Two variables student should have controlled (2)
- Take muscle tissue samples from same organism from same muscle
- Temperature
8.4) Describe + explain pattern shown (2)
- As concentration of ATP solution increased, the muscle length decreased more
- Muscles need energy to contract so more ATP con. Means more energy so muscles contract more
8.5) 4.88x10-6? (3)
9.1) Pathway of oxygen from alveolus to blood (2)
- Diffusion
- Through epitheliums down concentration gradient
9.2) Feature of alveolus allowing for efficient gas exchange (2)
- Thin
- Short diffusion pathway
9.3) Evaluate the politician’s conclusion (4)
- Standard deviations overlap (not significant)
-
-
-
10.1) Suggest how swelling could be triggered by pathogenic bacteria in intestines (3)
- Phagocytes attracted to foreign antigens on the surface of the bacteria
- Phagocyte engulfs and presents antigens on its cell surface membrane
- T cells with complementary receptor site bind to antigen, activating more T cells
- So more cytokines produced
- So more swelling occurs
10.2) Suggest meaning of ‘Genetic tendency to Crohn’s disease (2)
-
-
10.3) Suggest why 5-ASA is only effective in controlling symptoms in some people (2)
- Different strains of bacteria
- Antigenic variation
10.4) Suggest why 6-MP can be used to control symptoms of Crohn’s disease (3)
- Not enough bases for free nucleotides
- Complimentary base pairing cannot occur to synthesise T cell information
- T cells are not able to replicate so cytokines levels lower quickly as T cells don’t live for long
****Word version is attached****
*Warning this is an UNOFFICIAL mark scheme, there could be mistakes, it definitely doesn’t include all of the marks available, there will be ‘accept’s and ‘ignore’s in the actual mark scheme*
*It does however include all of the questions with all 75 marks in the correct place*
1.
1.1) Give the letters for the parts of the image (3)
Aorta – D
Vena Cava – F
Renal Vein - G
1.2) Coronary Artery (1)
1.3) Scientific drawing of mitochondrion (4)
- Use of continuous lines
- No shading
- No sketching
- Use of scale bar/stated magnification
- Label Matrix and Cristae correctly
2.1) What is a monomer? (1)
- Smallest unit, repeating monomers make a polymer (E.G a monosaccharide)
2.2) Lactulose vs Lactose (2)
- Similarity -
- Difference -
2.3) Why can lactulose help constipation sufferers? (2)
- Lactulose lowers water potential of the faeces
- Creates a water potential gradient
- Causes water to move in by osmosis making faeces less dry
2.4) Minimum percentage decrease to bring patients H+ concentration to normal range (2)
- 84.1% (3sf)
3.1) Draw and label a single DNA nucleotide (2)
•
- Circle = Phosphate group
•
- Pentagon = Deoxyribose sugar
•
- Rectangle = Nitrogen containing inorganic base
3.2) Two features of DNA important for semi-conservative replication (2)
-
-
3.3) 550s (1)
4.1) Name the structures (2)
- W = Cell surface membrane (inner-most)
- X = Cell wall (Middle)
- Y = Slime capsule (outer-most)
- Z = Flagellum (Tail)
4.2) Main biological molecule in: (2)
- W = Phospholipids
- X = Meurin
4.3) Binary Fission (1)
4.4) 8.64x105 (2)
5.1) Name the molecules in the boxes (2)
- Box P = Glycerol
- Box Q = Fatty Acid
5.2) Name the type of bond (1)
- Ester Bond
5.3) Test a sample for lipid (2)
- Add ethanol
- Shake
- Add water
- White emulsion = lipid present
6.1) How does figure 5 show a hierarchy? (2)
- Smaller groups within larger groups
- No overlap
6.2) Taxon (1)
- Family
6.3) How are D.Erecta & D.Willistoni different species but closely related? (2)
- Roughly same length sine song at similar frequency
- However, Different amount of pulses in pulse song
6.4) Why did the two females not attempt to mate? (2)
- Noticed had the same song (courtship behaviour)
- Realised both were females
- Knew mating would not be successful
7.1) Proteome (1)
- The full range of proteins a cell is able to produce
7.2) Two structural differences between mRNA and tRNA (2)
- mRNA is longer and straight
- tRNA is shorter and clover shaped
7.3) Translation (ignore transcription) (5)
- mRNA attaches to the ribosome
- tRNA carries specific amino acids to the ribosome
- Translation begins at the start codon on the mRNA strand
- Specific codon on mRNA strand attracts complimentary anticodon on tRNA with specific amino acid
- Two amino acids next to each other, condensation reaction occurs, peptide bond formed, water molecule released.
8.1) Property of water buffering changes in temperature (2)
- High specific heat capacity
- Takes lots of energy to raise the 1KG of water by 1 Degrees Celsius
8.2) Two products of ATP hydrolysis (1)
- ADP
- Inorganic Phosphate
8.3) Two variables student should have controlled (2)
- Take muscle tissue samples from same organism from same muscle
- Temperature
8.4) Describe + explain pattern shown (2)
- As concentration of ATP solution increased, the muscle length decreased more
- Muscles need energy to contract so more ATP con. Means more energy so muscles contract more
8.5) 4.88x10-6? (3)
9.1) Pathway of oxygen from alveolus to blood (2)
- Diffusion
- Through epitheliums down concentration gradient
9.2) Feature of alveolus allowing for efficient gas exchange (2)
- Thin
- Short diffusion pathway
9.3) Evaluate the politician’s conclusion (4)
- Standard deviations overlap (not significant)
-
-
-
10.1) Suggest how swelling could be triggered by pathogenic bacteria in intestines (3)
- Phagocytes attracted to foreign antigens on the surface of the bacteria
- Phagocyte engulfs and presents antigens on its cell surface membrane
- T cells with complementary receptor site bind to antigen, activating more T cells
- So more cytokines produced
- So more swelling occurs
10.2) Suggest meaning of ‘Genetic tendency to Crohn’s disease (2)
-
-
10.3) Suggest why 5-ASA is only effective in controlling symptoms in some people (2)
- Different strains of bacteria
- Antigenic variation
10.4) Suggest why 6-MP can be used to control symptoms of Crohn’s disease (3)
- Not enough bases for free nucleotides
- Complimentary base pairing cannot occur to synthesise T cell information
- T cells are not able to replicate so cytokines levels lower quickly as T cells don’t live for long
****Word version is attached****
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