Terminal p.d

Calculate the terminal p.d. V_XY between X and Y during the charging process.

E = V + Ir

E - Ir = V = 1.5 - 0.45 x 0.9 = 1.095

However the markscheme says to do 1.5 + 0.45 x 0.9?
Why is the terminal pd greater than the EMF?

You need to keep your wits when interpreting the questions. This one sets up a trap for the unwary.

During the charging process, the current flows from the charger to the battery and not the other way around.

(This is why the previous part of the question wants the current flow direction and a statement on whether you used conventional current or electron flow.)

The charger must therefore overcome the battery e.m.f. as well as the lost p.d. across the internal resistance in order for charge current to flow into the cell.

Hence:

V_charger = V_emf + V_{internal resistance}

V_xy = V_emf + Ir