•
Decision making with IF-ELSE structures
•
Repetition using 'FOR' and 'WHILE'.
•
Boolean logic (true/false, AND/OR/NOT, greater/less/equal)
•
Data types (text strings, integers, real numbers, etc.)
•
Sequences or other complex data (Lists/arrays, dictionaries, records/tuples)
•
User input/output and File input/output
•
Functions
•
etc.. (many, many more...)